Oct. 88, 1886.J 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



278 



Tiver when they spiod the. Coot's bright hghtimd I hailed them to was able to keep the water under by bailing, without spoiling the are identical, and it is equally certain that the clubs can matori- 

 beware Two of them came over m. a skiff a,nd professumally sailing: of the canoe, and that if she had not leaked, she woulJper- ally advance the interests of the Aasocia tion with direct cuetit to 

 indorsed the Coot aa a "mighty line iittle boat," for winch thoy bans liave been placed sixth or seventh, instead of ninth at the tliemselvt-s; the only question bcmt; „ne of dctaii-hmv the milon 



got some tobacco. 



The next forenoon a light wind wafted the -vacht up to the city 

 of Plymoutlv, a distance of seyen miles from' the mouth of the 

 Roanoke. Tlie town is located on some bluit's of easN' slope, 

 about tlie firsi high land m-t with on the river. Tho sail up 

 Y/as not devoid of interest, the river being picturesque and invested 

 witli t!ic peculiar myatio clinnu experienced by <i randiler pene- 

 trating darlv andnnknONTOforestarowtii. Tu tli.e Roanoke bottoms 



you feel yourself am oner str 

 dift'ereiit arf \]w 

 northern sliores of 

 opened, the lloanokc 

 cal Africa. The s no 

 of reeds, broken only 



people in a strange country, so 

 from tlio.'io encountered on Liic 

 l!' wiiiev. Before Plymouth ig 

 imagined a river in semi-tropi- 

 csitic vegetation, the tall fringoH 

 innmiti^c Jitlle cabin or hut 



with dusky-Kkinned urchin.s frolicking alicr.'t; and the long, snaky 

 canoes, manned by stalwarl Africans swinging the a-boritiina'l 

 paddle and hailim:; in curious jargo:,, uU combine to maintain t)ie 

 deception. Certainly my first introduction to llie Koanoke was 

 a forcible reminder of an ascent, of a rivor in Seneg.-imbia made 

 many years ago. But witli Plymouth's v.iiito steeples buzzing saw 

 mills and steamboat Avharvesin sigli t.the illusion ai)cedily vanished. 

 The navigation of the ri ^ or is carried on by steam propeller, fln.t 

 boats pulled by long sweeps, and the log canoe. The latter is an 

 appendage to evfir.\' bousohoia. 'klie Bo.anoke is tiic unrthern limit 

 of the genuine "dugout." Abow that latitude the skifE and 

 frame Ijoat ol' greater ariiilee liave displaced the primitive but 

 eJiectivc ri vei- liack of the South. Por some vears 1 had not been 

 in a land of dugouts, so when the Coot fell in ^vith the Roanoke 

 canoes a familiar feehng of old acquaintance stole over the cre\v. 



C. P. K. 



J^OIAICA BAY SECOND RACE.-On Oct. 24 eleven yachts 

 started in the second race at Jamaica Bay for the Smith prizes, 

 over a course from off Rufde Ear Hotel around buoy otf Barren 

 Island; 1 hence aronnd yacht Annie, ancliorcd thrcc-qiiarter.s of a 

 mile Tiorth of tlic hcjtel, and return, Ten miles. Tlierc was a roofing 

 breeze from S.E. all day. The corrected times were: 

 CLAPS I. 



Amphion i 26 1.5 Ida K 1 30 03 



Aurora 1 gS 00 Blonde 13-8 30 



Uypsy Baron 1 28 10 (+racio Did not finish. 



Julita 1 23 43 



n. 



Reeta 1 SO SO Ka te 1 39 59 



Kthel 1 K; 00 J?loreuce Dismasted. 



Kate having won the first race cud second, fakes the prize in her 

 class. The judges were Commod(jre J. S. Roako, C. E. Stalford, J. 

 M. Wilson and John Ives. 



TORONTO SKIEF SAILING CLUB. -The final races of the 

 season were sailed on Oct. 10, the first class, special class and club 

 handicap being sailed together. As the weather was extremelv 

 cold that day only two entries w-ere made, Vice-Commodore Kil- 

 gour's Barb and Capt. Bath's (llladys. Thnse are the two princi- 

 pal boat.s of our club and are models of the vcrv best skifEs used on 

 Toronto Bay, both being within 18ft. GJn. in lenkth. tlie liarb being 

 Sloop rigged and the Gladys a lugger. The start u-as made at 3 I'. 

 M., rhe GMadys getting a slight advantage of about t)0 seconds, but 

 by the time tlie boats were around the course once the Barb was 

 about 2.5 seconds ahead. The Gladys sailed faster off the wind but 

 the Barb was quicker by the wind and maintained the lead until 

 -crossing the last buoy, thus winning two cups and a silk ensign. 

 The Gladys made a great mistake in taking a long leg inshore 

 hoping to get the wind down tlie streets instead of keeping well 

 put. The course of 8 miles was sailed in the follomng time: Barb 

 111. r^m. 35s., and the Gladys .1 li. iji'.m. 8s. Ba rb thus won bv 2m. 33s. 

 actual time, but as she allowed the Glaclvs 4Ss. on the course the 

 corrected time would place her Im. .15s. aliead. The wind was N. 



THE PROPOSED CHANGE IN THE Y. R. A. RULE.-On 

 Oct. 13 a meeting of the Ciouncil of the Y. R. A. was held at the 

 Liarghonr Hotel, London, at which the present rules and the pro- 

 P,i''.^,*7 of changing them were discussed. On motion of Sir 

 William B. Forwood the following resolution was passed/ "That 

 a committee be appointed to report upon the working of the two 

 measurement rules which are now in force, and to suggest any 

 alteration to tlie same wiiich may aimear likelv to have an ad- 

 vantageous effect onyaclit building and yacht racing; and, further, 

 to report upon the present classifications of yachts bv tonnage and 

 sail area, and to suggest such alterations or new rules of measure- 

 ment and classilications as may seem desirable, and that a sum 

 not exceeding .£'lt»0 be placed at the disposal of t!io committee to 

 defray any of the expenses incidental to the inquirv." Ttie com- 

 mittee appointed included Sir T^'. B. Forwood, Mr. G. B. Thompson, 

 Mr. Henry Crawford, Mr. W. Baden-Powell, Mr. Frank Willan, 

 Colonel Leach, Mr. A. Manning, Mr. Francis Taylor, Mr. W. G. 

 Jameson, Mr. John Scott and Mr. E. R. TatcheU. The first meet- 

 ing of the committee will be held this week and they will report 

 by Dec. 1. 



A CHANCE FOR THE PACIFIC YACHTS.-The following in- 

 vitatio;- lias lieen receiv ed hy Com. CaduG. of the Pacific Y. C, 

 San Francisco.— lOLANi Palace, Sept. 2.5, 1886.— To the Ommodnre 

 01 tne Pneilic Yacht Ovh, San Francisco: Sir— His Majesty the 

 King of Hawaii, desiring to sliow his appreciation of the friendlv 

 feelings which ha\-e always been sho-wm him by the officers and 

 members of tlie Pacific Yacht Club, ha.-? commanded me to extend 

 an invitation to your club to be present, ar the festivities to be held 

 at lolani Palace, in Honolulu, on the occasion of his Majesty's 

 50th birthday, the 16th day of November next. His Majesty de- 

 sires me further to add that by ^val' of inducing the owners of 

 yachts to visit the island he will otfer prizes for an ocean race 

 from San Francisco to Honolulu, said race to take place so as to 

 admit of the yachts arriving here on or about the 16th of Novem- 

 ber next, or a few days later. The first prize will be a trophv 

 valued at .|l,l)O0; the second, valued at §500, and the third, a cup to 

 be presented by the Hawaiian Boating Association. The race to 

 be under the Auspices of the Pacific Yacht Club. I will also beg 

 leave to add that a residence will be placed at tlie disposal of t)ie 

 officers .and guests coming with any of the yachts under thi.'j invi- 

 tation, v.ith the assn ranee of my highest regard and esteem, I 

 have the honor to be sir, your very obedient servant-CuKTJS P. 

 Jaukea, His Majesty's Chamberlain and Private Secretary. 



Some Othhb Man is always the one yon think will get hurt bv 

 iccident. and tbc "otbpr mnTi" tUinr-a ^+ win ■ha n'v,^,-'.. 



accident, and the "other ruah 



right, you will be sorry you 



Hartford— or yonr familv v^dlL,— ^Idr. 



_ — . -^-v„ thinks it will be you. If he is 



nght, you will be sorry you didn't insure in the Travelers of 



Secretaries of canoe clubs are requested to send to Fokest and 

 Stbeam their addresses, with name, membershii), signal, etc., of 

 their clubs, and also notices ;n advance of meetings and races, and 

 report of the same. Canoeists and all interested in canoeing are 

 requested to forward to E'orest and Stream their addresses, with 

 logs of cruises, maps, and information concerning their local 

 waters, drawings or descriptions of boats and fittings, and all items 

 relating to the sport. 



HEAVY VS. LIGHT CANOES. 



THE following frank and manly letter from Mr, E. B. Trodwen. 

 long kno^vn as one of the very first of English canoeists, will 

 In all probabibty mark a very important turning in British canoe- 

 ing, as Mr. Tredwcn has been the most earnest advocate of the 



space and portabiJiiy, which latter 

 addition; 1 



must go far" to offset any 



do not warrant the inference that the deck position is unsafe Vi^e 

 notice that in the last ra_ce sailed Mr. Tredwen sal on deck. 



"1 ha , e read with mrcli interest your article in issue of Oct 

 on the recent canoe race :u America, and having verv carofullv 

 followed all the full accounts Qf those matches, published in For- 

 est and Stkeam, the Auurican CannrisL and the American daily 

 papers, and having discussed the matter with Mr.W. Stewart,,^vhb 

 sailed the 1886 Pearl, [ liave regretfully come to the conclusion 

 that this type of ca noe ^^'as e-^-eu more thoroughly beaten than your 



I finish, which is fuit poor comfort. 



I "The exccseiA o numlier of contestants and the attendant 'blank- 

 etings' were all in fa\or of the two Bimltsh canoes, as they w-ont 

 off with the lead and rounded the turning buoy for the beat lioujo 

 first and third respectively. i\lr. Stewart sailed tlic Pearl in Amer- 

 ican fashion, sitting out to windward to get e\-ery advaiitage that 

 the Americans had from the 'deck position.' 



"The winning canoes were all much nar^o^^'er I ban their Epglish 

 opponents, and this upsets all our time ,allo\Nancc theories, as, 

 I under any liuio scale that ha.'3 yet boenappliod to canoe sailing, the 

 ' American canoes would have had a heavy allowance to receive 

 j from (he ICnglish. 



I "The wider canoes were beaten on the windward work and in 

 i :trong winds, but held their own better in the running and in 

 I light v\ inds, whieli is tlie reverse of what we expected. The fuller 

 lines of Nautilus and Pearl caused theui to ^slam,' and stop as 

 thtiy fell into the trough of each sea, wliile the sharper, finer lines 

 of ttic American canoes, with their rising floors, caused them to be 

 easier in ihoir motions and to hold their way better. 



"The two t,\-pes of canoes are the reverse of each other, and are 

 the n.'itural outcome of the two opposite modes of sailing, the 

 American type of long, narrow, light displacement boats being host 

 suited for the attainment of speed while the canoeist sits oviiside, 

 but the English model would win if the deck position were not 

 adtrpted. 



"It seems wo must be stirred up from our comfortable recum- 

 bent position, and train ourselves for a.crobatic feats in order to 

 sail the 'plank on edge,' without the load keel to keep it steady. 

 There is only one consolation in this— it, opens up a bright prospect 

 for the younger inembors, whose superior activity should enable 

 them to be.it the 'seniors,' and in future the 'senior' rtae-a may 

 all Tie W(m hy rlio juniors; the small light canoes will allow time 

 to the wide heavy ones; the unballasted canoe will allow time to 

 the 'lead mine;' tlie second class will consist of canoes weighing 

 not less than 2001bs., and the definition of a canoe will be that of a 

 vessel 'to carry one man outside, looking sideways.' 



"The committee of the R. C. C, foreseeing the crop of amend- 

 ments to be proposed at the coming autumn meeting, have taki n 

 a room at Anderton'^ Hotel, and arranged for a steak supper in- 

 stead of the usual dinner, and the meeting is to follow instead of 

 preceding the refi oshments, evidently with a \iew to an all-night 

 sitting. 



"It is onlj- right that I should exonerate Mr. Turk, the builder of 

 Pearl, from any blame for turning out a leaky boat. The very thin 

 oak pliink- far too thin for the work— was put in on mv responsi- 

 bility', contrary to his advice. In aiming at getting a very light 

 boat I ba~e overstepped the mark and sacrificed efficiency, and the 

 thin plank will have to be replaced by stronger material. 



E. B. Tbedwen." 



THE A. C. A. AND THE CLUBS. 



Editor Forest and Stream: 



Since the formation of the A. C. A. in 1S.S0 more than one thou- 

 sand canoeists have been enrolled as members, and ye!, wo must 

 conclude from the report of the Treasurer that scarcely one- tliird 

 of these are paid up members at the present time. We must con- 

 fess that two-thirds of our old members have left the A. ('. A. 

 Have these two-thirds given up canoeing? Impossible! Once a 

 canoeist always a canoeist. Then why do we lose om- old niom- 

 bers? Is it through their fault or ours? ff the former, we can't 

 help it; if the latter, we must help if if the Association is to em- 

 brace every .amateur oanoc'st on the continent, f belie ve it is 

 chiefly because they are unable to attend the annual meet, the 

 n.atural time and place for the payment of dues, and the only time 

 in the year when they can come in contact with the A. C. A. and its 

 odicials. If 1 am right in this, it follows th.at the i'ormation of 

 divisions %\ ith their yearly meets will increase ouractl\ einembei-- 

 ship by making it possible for a far greater number to attend some 

 meet. It will increase, too, the .attendance at the annual A. A. 

 general meet, for the succes.sful racers at the division meets %vill 

 aspire to higlier honors. Norwill racers be the only ones attracted 

 to the general meet through the pleasures experienced at the 

 division meet. Instead, then, of opposing the subdivision of the 

 A. C. A. into various branches, every f aciliry should be .afforded 

 for the formation of new divisions. Here in thd North we might 

 have two dlvisious, with meets say at Stony Lake and on the St. 

 Lawrence. Seven or eight divisions or even more might he formed 

 with advantage. 



But even with division meets fully established there will always 

 be a large number of canoeists una.blc to attend any meet. To 

 bring these into the Association and to keep them in it seems to me 

 wo might utilize our club organizations with advantage both to 

 the A.ssoclation and to the clubs themselves. Tjct the clubs be 

 afl;iliated to the Association, in other -words make each club a 

 branch of the Association, so that a canoeist bv joining an affili- 

 ated club becomes a member of the A. C. A. and pays Ins A C A 

 fees and club dues in one sum to the secretary of Ids clu ti. 



For example, the annual dues of the Q. C. C. are now igs; upon 

 uniting it increases its dues to $10 and the secretary collet-ts tlmt 

 amount from each member and on Maj 1, sav, sends a list of all 

 the member^ of his club with ^2 for each member to the purser 

 of his di--ision. On May 15, say, the division purser sends a list of 

 all the club.s and members in his division and ?il for each member 

 to the secretary of the A. C. A. Early in June the A. C. A. Book 

 might be ready with a correct list of divisions, of clubs, of paid up 

 members, and with full infonnation regarding the general meet 

 and the meets of the different divisions. 



It seems to me that such an arrangement would be of great ad- 

 vantage to the A. C. A. I know of one club witli R3 members only 

 7 of wdiom belong to the A. C. A.; another with IS and another 

 with 13 having one member each, and still another with 15 mem- 

 bers none of whom belong to the Association. Witli these club« 

 affiliated we should have 78 instead of 9 members. Should some of 

 the clubs not wish to be affiliated, any of iheir members could still 

 join the Association as at present, biit of course these clubs would 

 not then have the right to separate representatives o.n the nom n- 

 atmg and other committees of the A. C. A. or anv of its divisions- 

 It would be so manifestly to their interest, however, to have their 

 club affiliate, that union M'Ould be sure to follow in a short time 

 Many canoeists who are quite unable to attend a meet and who 

 take little personal interest in the A. C. A., are yet anxious that 

 their club shall be represented and that it sh.all receive proper re- 

 cognition, and they are very jealous of its honor. Of course those 

 who go to a meet -ivill be desiro-as of going as the accredited mem- 

 bers of a club of standing, and they would, therefore, do their ut- 

 most to have their club join. 



Instead of 300 to 100 paid up members, we might then hare 3,000 

 or more. As tbi.s number would yield a yearly revenue much 

 larger than necessary it might be well to reduce the fee to a 

 year, half to go to the di-sision. 



It appears to me that this arrangement would be equally advan- 

 tageous to the clubs. The fact that by joinine a club a canoeist 

 would become a member of a large organizatfon like the A. C. A , 

 and also of a local divi.sion, with all the privileges implied, would 

 attract rather than deter canoeists from joining the clubs, while 

 the shghtly increased dues would keep no one out. 



In some localities where there are a number of canoeists with no 

 club organization it would be an incentive to tlie formation of a 

 club, a proceeding advantageous to the canoeists themselves to 

 the local division, to thcA.C. A. and to canoeing in general 

 1 here are at least five towns and villages -ss ithin fiftv miles of 

 Peterbero which have a number of canoeists but no club, nor a, 

 single member of the A. C. A. With local divisions formed in the 

 north a few canoeists might be enlisted from each of these places 

 and with these as reo uiting offi.cers a club would soon be formed 

 in each place. 



The plan here roughly ontlined is one method of localizing the 

 Association. If it be objected that it is an attempt to induce all 

 canoeists to contribute to the sunport of the Association for the 

 benefit of those who attend the meet, it ought to be borne in mind 

 that while these certainly derive the most benefit, yetevery canoe- 

 ist must be benefited to a considerable extent by the improvements 

 in rig and model which result from the mectinsr of canoeists from 

 all quarters at the annual meets. Every canoei.st, therefore in 

 America shoidd be a member of the A. C. A. 



I should like, Mr. Editor, to see in your columns the view.s of 

 other canoeists on this subject. Let i; be sifted before the next 

 meeting of the executive committee. If it blows hard I'll take in 

 a reef or two, or I may drop my sails altogether and paddle aehore. 



TT ^ , Colin Fraseh. 



University Coi.tiEGE, Toronto, 



[We have not the full report of the Secretary at hand, but the 

 memlicrship is now much larger than Mr. Eraser s figures indicate 

 The fact remains, however, that the A. C. A. is vet far from reach- 

 ing its limit, and there is a very large iield ahead for recruiting 

 1 he experiment of joining the clubs to the Association was trieii 

 in 1880, but was abandoned soon as impracticable at tliat stage of 

 canoeing. Now, however, the circumstances have changed greatly 



can best lift made. '1 here Jirc many clubs in ihe country composed 

 of actr. e and energetic canoeists, w ho do not nuuif ier an A. C. A. 

 man among their members and who have never attended an 

 A. C. A. meet. Were thoy once .mined to tlie A. ( '. A. they would 

 readily fall into accord with its work and see the many'muttul 

 advantages involved; but keeping out of tlie circle and hiainlaln- 

 iup a, complete isohitiou thoy have little eoncepf ion of the A.ssoei- 

 .ation and its workings. 



If all tiie canoeists m the country were members of the A. O. A. 

 its elfoctiveuess would, of course, bo greatlc ineren,sed while the 

 expenses would be lessened. Incidentally 'it is worth noticing 

 th';.i, on the mere suspicion of the entrance ol' a racing machh.e 

 into the A. C. A., all the racing men are at once in urm.s to guard 

 the ini crests of cruising boats; a fact which disposes ot the objec- 

 tion viiich many make to joining an association '.vhich encourages 

 racing. Let us hear more from those interested, and especially 

 from some of the unattached canoetsts.] 



AN ENGLISH VIEW OF AMERICAN CANOEING. 



THE following letter from Mr. Baden-Powell lately appeared in 

 the London Ficfd, and is interesting as sliowiug a stranger's 

 opinion of American canoeing. We liawe omitted tlie account of 

 tlie races as differing little from those alrea.d,v published: 



Twenty years ago in England canoeing was "boomed up," and 

 .sprang qui'dvly from an oliscure .and (thou tiujught) eccentric pas- 

 time (o a popular sport, The stages trirougli which the canoe was 

 transformed, from a simple ri- er paddling canoe to the cruising 

 and racing canoe of to-d,ay, are tor, vtAl known I o canoeists to 

 render their recapitulation here advisable; and for (hose wiio are 

 n.-.t so well poste<[ in the develnymieut of the canoe, ansasy tuiiioa 

 is a t hand in such books as Kemp's "Yacht and Boat Sailing," 

 Baden-Powell's "Canoe Travelins," and Stephens's fNew Yinii) 

 "Canoe Btdlding." Onr object here, howevei', is to chronicle the 

 progressed nature of canoeing and the form of the canoe in the 

 twentieth year of its public life, as exhibited at the first iuter- 

 national meet of canoeists in America, held in the latter nart: of 

 ( his August. Leaving aside all questions of what is and what is 

 not a canoe, and also the vexed question a.s to when, where, and 

 by wdiom the canoe of the Red Indian, the Esoiiimaux, or the 

 South Sea Ishmder was turned to use for the recreation and sport 

 of (be white man, wo will simpiy take things as;tbey are, and note 

 the sport as it stands in 1886. Thougli comparisons, according to 

 Mrs. Brown, arc "odorous," they cannot well he avoi<led, if lessons 

 of value are to be extracted from the results of drlfereut systems 

 worked out in foreign countries and congregated at an inter- 

 national meet. The popularity of canoeing— sailing and cruising 

 —in America and Canada., is simply wonderful wlien compared 

 ;j^uththe8tat«of the sport in England; but the fact must not be 

 lost sight of, that the opportunities for enjojing the .sport are 

 totally different on the east .and west of "the Atlantic. In 

 America and Canada the chief cities are almost "water borne," 

 and lakes and rivers abound within easy reacli of thousands 

 of towns. Steamer communication evervwbere on water 

 cxiscs, and raUroads and canals interseci, the remaining 

 country. Hence it is that canoe clubs in America siiriug up, like, 

 oaks m tlic Sussex forests of the old country, and toughen as time 

 rolls on. Inter-club meets on convenieut water.s create a liealtliy 

 rivalry, whether in club turnout, racing competition or camp 

 equipment; and finally the association, embracing both Ainei-ican 

 and Canadian clubs and unattached canoeists, eenients the whole 

 body canoeing in its annual meets. There is, however, a further 

 element, which probably is to bo credited witfr an equal share in 

 the creation of this success, and that is the dominating type of 

 canoe. Nearly 90 per cent, of the canoes present at the American 

 Asaociatton meet this year were, in a general sense, identical; 

 though, ot course, dilTerent in details of model, rig and internal 

 litmeuts, they were clo.sely allied as reg.ards leJiding features of 

 design. Speaking generally at present, and leaving details to he 

 considereo hereafter, tlie canoe.-, from both America and Canada 

 are ' cruising canoes," in the manipulation of which paddling and 

 sailing take about equal share; the boat, being liglit in builcf and 

 httings, and of fine hues, is easily paddleablc, and being fitted witli 

 a centerplate a.nd (mostly) a dtop rudder, and spreading a large 

 area cd" sail, is made to sail rather elfectively, with little or no 

 baUa.st, by her owner sitting out on the weather side of the deck, 

 keeping her keel downward by means of balancing the sail pres- 

 sure by his own weight in any reqTured direction. Such boats are 

 eftective both as cruisers and racers, are easily handled at the 

 home, boathouse, or for steamer or railroad traveling; they have 



... „ — _ ...... , ,,)g out purely 



paddfing canoes, are, on the smaller .side, the nondescript class of 

 canoe hailing from the early ages of the sport, or the product of 

 the inexperienced amateur (and often professional) brain and 

 band; and, on the larger side, the canoe more generally designed 

 for and used in sailing on open \vaters and sea cruising. 



As mentioned above, a rough or general sifting of tire canoes 

 present at the meet gives three general classes, apart from paddling 

 canoes. The first division takes in a crowd of craft old and new 



ance are glaringly evident. The second di^•"^siou' takes in the 

 ma.iority of the canoes present, vix., rigged cruising canoes; and 

 the third division embraces canoes equally perfect in'iuodcl, fitting 

 '^'^^i'l"' designed for other purposes and for manipulation of 

 a different nature. In the flrst division ^vill be found some canoes 

 constructed on the old models of fifteen years back, the model 



beam a.nd less floor, built under the mistaken notion that a small. 



"^'t tcniuoa, iu iviiiuii sa.im]g, racing anti camping 



can be enjoyed to the full, are far better performers at river and 

 'rapid running" \vork (when put in order for such \vork) than 

 these specially designed little craft. 



open cruises, and to carry stores, etc. The special river canoe will 

 at best not exceed the other in speed by moie than a quarter mile 

 per hour, and will tire, wet and cramp her owner far soouer than 



«?«S^mS?S.if?liV'' .suppose. Itis as well that we^shoidd accept and it may be that Ut. Eraser's plan" would "operate^suS^e's'sf ullv 

 ^»?„Tfi n^f-, r}}^ t^o/,ace. 80 as to be prepared to At any rate, it is wwthy of a careful conshleration and cUsc^^^^^ 



fcf witeiwVesfsen^'W.^^^^^^^^^^ contestants that Amer- at onc,e, as little time remains in which to bring irLforeToS 



''Mr.-Stewa:r.^telis"m^^^^^^^^ tjre Pearl leaked badly, » SK??tW.V£^LX%'^A^^^ 



as between sads and liull. Ten to one her centfa-boa rd, if slie has 

 one, IS in the wrong idace, and her masts too far aft. Her rig is 

 generally small and heavy, and it is tliouEht quite a feat if she is 

 got to 'stay" without the use of the p.addle. Her best virtue is 

 thai she can be Gsed for rough work or travelintr, with the pleas- 

 ant feeling that strained, lioled or oven comnletely smashed up 

 the owner loses little, and the canoeing world is' rid of a "he'd 

 eg^g. The second dmsion— roughly made above for the purposes 

 OT comparison— as a matter of fact, inclurle practically the whole 

 ot American effective canoes: and thougli this division is capable 

 iiselt of a sub-di\usion and must be sub-di>ided for purposes of 

 comparison, it has some very marked peculiarities, common 

 throughout, which give it character over and aliove \vhs.t has gone 

 before and existed lu other countries. It is common to the whole 

 of this class of American cruising canoes thiit to obtain the best 



-..sav-t., an i.uiiii.iaieLL \MLn- i:.ugiisn racing canoes, nea.,yuv 



as conipared with Enghsh cruising canoes, a.nd that the sail plans 

 as a whole run much of a muclmess as to area, and in practice it is 

 by no means commonfor the largest areas to win. All these canoes 

 are fitted wnth centerplates of one form orauother; and neai-lyiill 

 have drop plate rudders, steered by hand tiller rut rler-k. t)\ er and 

 above these the differences between boat and boat are .sligfit- 

 models of considerable name, ajipear-, when criticaliy examined, to 

 bold but a distinction with each other \vithout a. dltlerence. Lead- 

 ing dimensions vary through the whole fleet, sav a hundred, by no 



„ v. ...J... viuv,o w.viaL.. a-JlCiC.l.re me Tiai- 



ttoored models carryingnoballa.stbeyondalightcenterboard- then 

 the deep rising floor models with some 70 orlOOlbs. of ballast and 

 moderate weight of boards; and, finally, the "heavy wei°-hts " 

 carryrn.L: a substantial amount of balkast and board. Il.ong before 

 tins reaches the FMd, the results of the various races will have 

 been punlished. It may therefore be as v/p.ll to re^dov^' the races 

 right here, and then proceed to discuss the variQus'models and 

 their behavior: and wten rexces are sailed day by day and away 

 -from the reach of the bmlder of ilie boat, it is no easy matter to 

 rectify accidents or to discover hidden leaks; and such matters 

 Tieed time to carry out, if not eklUed workmanship also. Th| 



