22 



with hair usually of a yellowish colour, but not always so, for some are light brown and 

 others a darker brown. The head and feet are usually yellow, and the hairs arise in 

 little tufts from small yellow tubercles arranged nearly in rows across the body. 

 In the spaces between the segments there are darker lines, sometimes brown or dark 

 brown, and occasionally nearly black ; there is a dark line along each side, and the under 

 surface is also of a dark shade. 



When full grown the caterpillar seeks some sheltered nook in which to change to a 

 chrysalis, attached to the under side of a board, under the bark of a tree or in some 

 crevice in a fence, wherever it is dry and secluded. Having fixed on a suitable locality, 

 the larva proceeds to divest its body of the covering of hairs, and with these woven to- 

 gether with silken threads, it constructs the slight cocoon which is to shelter the chrysalis, 

 and here in a short time the change takes place. From the chrysalis (6, fig. ~3), which is 

 of the usual brown colour, in a week or two the perfect moth appears, soon to deposit fresh 

 patches of eggs, from which in a few days the second brood of larvae are hatched, which 

 attain maturity and enter the chrysalis state before winter comes, and remain in this 

 quiescent condition until the following spring. 



The moth (fig. 3, c) measures when its wings are expanded from one inch and a half 

 to two inches. The figure represents a female ; the males are somewhat smaller. Both 

 sexes have the wings snowy white with a few black dots which vary much in number in 

 different specimens ; in some there are two on each front wing and three on each hind 

 wing, as in the figure, while in others the spots are almost wanting, and there is every 

 gradation between these extremes. On the under side the spots are more distinct than 

 on the upper, and sometimes the white surface is slightly tinged with yellow. The an- 

 tennae are white above, dark brown below, the head and thorax white. The abdomen is 

 orange coloured, sometimes streaked across with white, and has three rows of black spots, 

 one above and one on each side ; the under side of the abdomen is white, sometimes 

 tinged with orange. 



This species is attacked by several parasites, which destroy immense numbers every 

 year ; were it not for this we should soon be overrun with them. 



Tiger Beetles. 



By R. V. Rogers, Jr., Kingston, Ont. 



There are probably over ninety thousand different species of Beetles in the world, 

 and first and foremost of this mighty legion stand the Cicindelidse. Well, therefore, 

 might they demand our attention from their high position in the Coleopterous world alone, 

 but they have many other claims on our consideration. They are cosmopolitan — no pent- 

 up Ithaca contracts their powers ; they are beautiful ; they are fierce ; they are blood- 

 thirsty ; they are useful ; and the family name is an old one — known to scientists and 

 men of letters in the days when Jupiter and Juno were king and queen of heaven, to 

 the inhabitants of old Borne. 



The family is divided into several branches ; in Canada we have only the represen- 

 tatives of one branch, but it is the original one, the Cicindelas. In the United States 

 there are a couple of other branches as well, which reside principally far to the west. 



There is much in a name. The patronymics Smith, Barber, Wright, tell the origin 

 of the family at once ; so Cicindela informs us that those that are so called are " bright 

 and shining ones," while the English cognomen of tiger beetle lets all Anglo Saxons 

 know that it is a creature that lives by preying on the blood of others. Brilliant, beauti- 

 ful and elegant in shape are these beetles, and they appear to revel in the merry, merry 

 sunshine ; on every bright summer day they are to be found running and flying about 

 sunny banks, sandy places, and wherever the god of day beats down his life-giving rays ; 

 most of them avoid vegetation, as it would check their rapid progress ; some species, how- 



