Researches in the Theory and Calculus of Operations. 305 



wherewithal to balance the restive outside forces; and thus 

 we have an incipient fish, incorporating in its growth the 

 successive resultants of the internal and external forces as 

 before; or in the case of a stronger commotion of the me- 

 dium, the buffeting of waves may drive the nascent cell 

 against the neighboring rock, starting reacting polar de- 

 velopments in the form of limbs instead of fins, and there 

 grows an amphibian or creature capable of taking to the 

 land (Lamarck, St. Hilaire, Whewell : Conditions of 

 existence). 



Always is this reservation to be understood, that the re- 

 sultants of the internal and external forces concerned in 

 every step of the growth and development of each specific 

 individual creature is necessarily embodied in the germ 

 which gives birth to its offspring. Each resultant is an equi- 

 librium between a correlative internal and external force, 

 condensed in the germ (similarly as the correlative forces oxy- 

 gen and hydrogen are condensed in water), and ready to be 

 called into action as it is met by the coming appropriate 

 external exciting or co-operative force. This doe3 not exclude 

 ' the possibility of even considerable variation of species by 

 change of external conditions during period of after growth, 

 much less that of their improvement by cultivation or na- 

 tural selection (Darwin). 



The primal cell of vitality, originated as above and grow- 

 ing under the influence of warmth and fluidity alone, lies 

 on the border between the vegetable and animal divisions 

 of organized existence, and could equally develope into an 

 alga or a polype; tending to the production either of sea 

 plants or sea animals, .according to the nature of further 

 forces which may come into play during the period of 

 growth. A less hurried mode of origination may be resorted 

 to for the production of terrestrial vegetation. A dash of 

 oceanic spray falls in drops upon the dry and mealy surface 

 of a limestone rock. Any one of these spherical drops is 



Tram. vii.~\ 39 



