324 Researches in the Theory and Calculus of Operations. 



quently discussed : a dextrally directed force inherent in a 

 patient is destroyed by a single impulsion inflicted by an 

 agent, which unequilibrates (not liberates) an equal sinistral 

 force which holds and moves the patient. 2° When the 

 patient (or body) is immovable, forcible and repeated in> 

 pulses liberate successive forces (in form of spherical atoms 

 of free force), which take their departure, leaving the 

 patient or mass behind (emanation or radiation of calorific 

 force, heat). 3° When the immovable patient of operation is 

 submitted to a succession of feeble impulses (as in the elec- 

 tric or galvanic apparatus, by friction or chemical affinity), 

 a quantity of split or semiatomical complementary hemi- 

 spherical forces are unequilib rated in mutual opposition, 

 which consequently do not tend to move the mass out of 

 which they were elicited, but maybe peeled from adhesion 

 in the form of a scale, giving instantaneous vibration as 

 the electric spark. 



4° In the vital machine, a higher scheme of operation 

 has place. The living animal forms a separated world of 

 machinery, a microcosmical system of tubes and glands 

 (streams and mills), divided into compartments by sheeted 

 membranous walls and connected by nervous cords acting 

 as signal wires (Palby). The stomach is the basal or funda- 

 mental gland of the system, having the mouth and oeso- 

 phagus for its port and canal of entry, the intestines and 

 anus for canal and port of egress. The hands (antennae) con- 

 voy articles of food to the mouth, where it is masticated and 

 salivated, and then sent to the stomach to be there mixed 

 with the gastric secretion and converted into chyme. In 

 this part of the course, the forces elicited by the contact of 

 the food with the lining membranes of the tube of passage 

 is reactively expended in forwarding the compost; while 

 in the stomach itself, the forces there elicited are further 

 engaged in combining the introduced matters directly into 

 chyme without double decomposition, so that so far there 



