334 Researches in the Theory and Calculus of Operations. 



ists, it results from a magneto-polar division of the pollen 

 grains of the male organ in vegetal life, of the ova in the 

 ovarium of the female in animal life. 



The phenomenon of parthenogenesis in the bee, the 

 aphis, etc. is explained, in the second case, by the conside- 

 ration that the development of the parent individual aphis 

 takes place in form of a linear succession of joints evolving 

 from each other separately, the entire train of the develop- 

 ment closing when the temperature or other circumstances 

 of external reaction become of strength such as to bring it 

 to concentration in the production of germs. The analogy 

 with the tapeworm, etc. is patent; the difference being that 

 here the joints remain attached, while yet the germs only 

 appear at the distal extremity of the chain. In the case of 

 the bee, ant, etc., the development is not linear, but in any 

 or all directions, and sexuality is procured by peculiar die- 

 tary process instinctive to the species. 



42. The total amount of free and combined oxygen at 

 present existing and necessary for the continuance of ve- 

 getal and animal life on the entire superficies of the globe 

 of the earth has been approximatively calculated. Were 

 this amount suddenly withdrawn from its combinations and 

 mixtures, and, together with all the other elements which 

 go to make up the complementary portion of the mass of 

 living beings, removed and placed in oonditions of tempe- 

 rature similar to those in which the various forms of incu- 

 bation do actually occur at the present time, it is obvious 

 that while existing life is annihilated, there is here provided 

 fair conditions for its resurrection. [The eggs of the ostrich 

 are hatched by the Sun, and chickens by other warmth 

 than that communicated by the parent bird.] In a medium 

 constituted as above imagined, and located in a genial clime 

 (the Punjaub or the Garden of Eden), the rays of the Sun 

 would awaken the latent affinities of particles of the medium, 



