336 Researches in the Theory and Calculus of Operations 



vibrations; an improved assortment and arrangement of 

 limbs, evolved by extended resistances to encounter in 

 travel; a development of organs of smell and taste, by the 

 impingement of odoriferous and flavorous substances; of 

 an organ of voice, provoked by forcible impulsions of at- 

 mospheric pressure ; an organ which becomes refined into 

 one of articulated speech in the human race, to whom is 

 yet offered the cooperation of the etherial element in the 

 creation of the rational soul. 



In all cases of action and reaction, the commencing active 

 force, or agent, may, and in many cases must, be regarded 

 as positive, and the reactive passive force, or patient, as 

 negative. In the genesis of a simple cell in a fertile (turbid) 

 fluid by emanation from a central atom or molecule, the 

 central force is positive, and the spherical membranous % 

 tissue resulting from reaction of the medium is negative. 

 Of two encountering forces thus generated, one will be 

 positive as precedent in time or force; the other, as succe- 

 dent in time or force, negative. In vegetal fecundation, the 

 circumferential stamens and anthers constitute the positive 

 (male) element of the flower, the corresponding negative 

 (female) element being the central carpels and ovules; while 

 within the ovary, the pollen is positive or male, the carpels 

 negative or female. A comparison of these two examples 

 of contrasted central and circumferential genesis suggest 

 the hint that in the anthers the pollen grains or cells arise 

 in pairs mutually positive and negative (male and female), 

 and subsequently determine the sex of the seeds by impreg- 

 nation of the ovules, like generating likeness in quality. 

 While in the females of the animal kingdom, on the con- 

 trary, the ova in the stroma of the ova arise as positive and 

 negative (male and female) # cells, and remain respectively 

 of the same sex after impregnation by the male (positive) 

 sperm in the atoms. The generator, of either sex, is positive 



