295 



ward and outward. The base of the bulbus is turgid, and that 

 turgescence exhibits on the under side, in front, a coarse tooth 

 cloven in two. Immediately in front of the turgid part a nar- 

 row, low ridge extends transversely over the whole bulbus, and im- 

 mediately before the outer extremity of that ridge may be perceived 

 a slender blunt tooth pointing downwards. The apex of the bulbus 

 has on the under side a small sharp tooth, or is, as Sundevall ex- 

 presses himself, "apice extus bidentatus vel sub-calcaratus" ("articulo 

 tibiali" is, as Westring has remarked, a slip of the pen for "arti- 

 culo genitali"). So at least in the only fullgrown (dried) male spe- 

 cimen in my cabinet. The vulva consists of an oblong area broader 

 behind, which is divided by a transverse depression into two parts, 

 the anterior of which is longitudinally hollowed out into a narrow 

 excavation with raised edges, and two low, narrow, almost parallel, 

 longitudinal ridges at the bottom; the posterior is broad and high, 

 and divided by two longitudinal depresssions into three large rounded 

 tubercles, scarcely longer than they are broad. 



In L. blanda C. Koch on the contrary the genital bulb of the 

 male is on the under side armed with a very long spine directed 

 outwards and somewhat forwards; this spine is curved somewhat 

 backwards, and, towards the extremity, also upwards: seen from 

 the under side, where it is flattened and slightly broader about the 

 middle, it is rather obtuse at the apex, but viewed in profile, it is 

 thick at the base and regularly tapering to a point; seen in profile, 

 the bulbus exhibits at the outer margin a downward directed tooth. 

 The vulva consists of a large, depressed area or fovea, which is 

 rather acutangular in front, gradually dilating towards the middle, 

 and then slightly narrowed towards the broad, truncated extremity ; it 

 is divided into two by a broad, coarse septum pointed in front. 

 In both sexes the anterior tibiae have on the under side only 

 two or perhaps sometimes three pairs of long appressed spines, 

 besides the two shorter spines at the apex. — Dr L. Koch has 

 kindly communicated to me one male and two female specimens of 

 L. blanda. The nearest relations to this species appear to be L. sep- 

 tentrionalis Westr. and L. lapponica Thor., especially the latter, from 

 which it is however distinguished by its distinctly annulated legs 

 and some slight differences in the organs of copulation: see above 

 p. 273. 



Av. lignarius Clerck and Lye. Hgnariw Sund. are by C. Koch 

 quite erroneously referred to L. ptdlata (Clerck.) By Walckenaer the 



