400 



cies, but with H. muscorum (Waick.). — A. cuprms Sav. et Am). 1 ) 

 is, according to Simon (loc. cii, p. 671 (205)), a species perfectly 

 different from the European H. cupreus; and A. Mouffetii Sav. et 

 Aud. 2 ), adduced by Walckenaer, is without doubt also a different 

 species. 



"Whether all the European Heliophani described by Simon in his 

 Monogr. d. Attides and Eevis. d. Attidse — they are not less than 

 41 in number — be really good species, is a question which future 

 times will have to determine. Of C. Koch's species Simon has not 

 only taken up H. truncorum (muscorum), cupreus, clubius (which 

 is said be identical with H. Karpinskii Sim.), auratus {- H. Bra- 

 nickii Sim.) and flavipes, of which both sexes are described, but he 

 registers as separate species also H. nitens C. Koch, H. tricinctus 

 id. (the figure of which in Koch's work appears to me strikingly 

 similar to the "5. cupreus'' 1 figured by Hahn, loc. cit.) and others, of 

 which he was only acquainted with the female. //. metallicus C. Koch 

 and H. micans id. are by Simon passed over in silence: they are 

 probably only varieties of H. cupreus. Neither does Simon mention 

 H. auro-cinctus Ohl. (Arachn. Stud., p. 11). Many of Simon's species 

 appear to me rather uncertain; but possibly others may be more 

 successful than I have been in endeavouring from his work to 

 discover their distinctive characters. It might possibly have been 

 not without utility to have examined whether the form of the vulva 

 and the spine-armature of the legs might not in some measure con- 

 tribute to the characterization of the species. It is certain that H. 

 cupreus, for example, varies vastly as regards colour — much more 

 than what Simon appears to have remarked; the young especially 

 are often very unlike the full-grown, and ornamented with brighter 

 colours. A remarkable variety of the female, with almost uni- 

 formly black legs and black palpi, is mentioned by Westeing ("Var. 6"' 

 Westk.), and I have such-like specimens in my collection. S. chaly- 

 beius Hahn seems to me to represent such a variety. 



Numerous as the species of Heliophanus are in the south of 

 Europe, the representatives of this genus are proportionately rare in 

 the North. All the fully developed Swedish males that I have seen, 

 belong to two species only, H. cupreus and H. fiavipes: I have not with 

 certainty observed a third species in this country. H. muscorum (Walck.) 



1) Descr. de l'Egypte, 2e Ed., XXII, Arachn., p. 407, PI. VII, fig. 15. 



2) Ibid., p. 407, PI. VII, fig. 16. 



