The First Moi. 215 



brjonic development, presents in succession tlie conformations seen in 

 the Negro, the Malay, the American Indian, and the Caucasian. " This 

 statement/' says Winchell, rests on excellent authority, but I am not 

 aware that it has been confirmed. Its significance is apparent, in view 

 of the established principle in physiology, that the embryonic char- 

 acters in any vertebrate resemble the adult characters of other verte- 

 brates lower in rank." 



The fact that so discriminating an anatomist finds evidences of four 

 types of brain, and their consecutive unfolding, lends confirmation to 

 other proofs of the unity of the human family, and aff'ords a provis- 

 ional scientific classification into races, based on internal conformations 

 iu connection with cranial structure. These races, however, conld not 

 have been evolved one from the other. A fixed type, after reaching 

 maturity, produces only its kind. A new race comes from divarica- 

 tion while yet the lower race is growing ; the two then developing on 

 gradually diverging lines, the one which outstrips the other being, of 

 course, the most advanced of the two, but not necessarily the higher 

 type; for growth may be away from perfection, as well as toward it. 

 Thus, there has been a constant branching ofi" from the trunk, the 

 races unable to keep up with the advance being the lower races, 

 and the more vigorous branches keeping on toward the higher ideal. 

 The development, however, may have been toward an undue growth 

 of brutal characteristics, as well toward intellectual or spiritual su- 

 periority. 



If we are correct in this, then the time when the conformations of the 

 Adamite brain were Negroid in character was at a very early period in 

 growth. If we bring together the Australian, the Hottentot and the 

 ancient Peruvian, with their equal cranial capacity, we shall be able to 

 see who the first men were, and where the divarication began. The 

 first departure was toward the brain conformation of the Malays. This 

 was on the Mongoloid line of growth, and may be traced in the Mound 

 Builders, who possessed cranial characteristics nearer the Mongoloid 

 than to the Negroid or the European type. On the other hand, the 

 Dravidian is a development toward the ancient Egyptian, who Avas 

 the most perfect type of ancient man, and who possessed a fully devel- 

 oped civilization at the very beginning of history. Somewhere in this 

 upward progress, the human brain reached the definite conforma- 

 tion now preserved in the Malays, The third development is noted 

 as resembling the American Indian in the conformation of the brain. 

 Then comes the European, whose mesocephalic skull and perfected 

 nature prove his direct descent from the first men ; all other races 

 being divarications from the main line of growth. 



The brown race is the oldest, and the black, yellow and Avhite races 



