368. 



BOOK, IV. 



Chapter 1, Notes on the Vegetation about Malacca, 



[Littoral vegetation— Cix\o^\iy\\\xmj Sideroxylon. Scaevolia, Ptero- 

 carpus ? Catappa, Verbesina, Premna, Ficus, Vaccinium, Sapiadaceae, 

 Hoya, 3, Cassyatha, Hydnophytum, Grammatophyllum, Loranthus 

 retusua, Dicranum glaucuin, Pogoriatheruin, Vitex Paadaiius, Xy- 

 locarpus, Crotalaria loagipes, Rotang, Myrica, Eugenia, Plectraa- 

 thus, Epithina, Pomacea maba, Gmeliaa, Ferns, and on rocky cliflfs 

 sea weeds, etc. 



Pulo Penang Is a long a low island towards Pulo Bisser, laid 



down in charts. It is submerged in high tides, but at other times 

 a few masses of the Malacca rock, i. e. gneiss and laterite appear 

 above high water mark. With the exception of the masses of rock 

 just named, the surface would appear to be coral, or its disintegna- 

 tions. 



The hollow, or concave basin in the middle of the island, is occu- 

 pied with shallow water, generally about a foot deep, but with an 

 irregular coral, muddy bottom, the water in sunny weather becoming 

 much heated. 



In the sheltered recesses more particularly of this lagoon, where 

 there is a good deal of mud, Enhalus abounds. It is rarely found in 

 fruit, (September) it is very variable in size, and never large, except 

 in the open sea. 



Another submerged, terete-leaved, odd looking plant, is also found 

 out of flower, with creeping stems, and often interleaved with En- 

 halus. These, and several Fuci, constitute the vegetation. 



The only trees, or rather shrubs remarked, are one Sonneratia ape- 

 tala? and the smaller. Avicennia, all which have an incrustation 

 of sward like form, such as we see affecting trees exposed to winds 

 prevailing in one direction. 



The Avicennias are, as it were, dipped to liigh water mark, and at 

 a distance, look exactly like cattle. 



The Sonneratias are fewest only 2 or 3, but they are most conspi- 

 cuous Neither are there many Avicennias. 



Pulo Jam another small island close to Malacca. In charts ; bear- 

 ing a lateral mass much eaten up, or corroded on the south face, 



