JULY 1 TO SEPTEMBER 30, 1912. 



21 



34184 to 34194— Continued. 



34185. GossYproM hirsutum L. 



"Gapas Sanglay. Locality, Cebu. This is one of the brown cottons of the 

 Philippines. It is planted to a very limited extent as a garden or dooryard 

 plant. It is supposed to have been introduced by the Spaniards, but the origin 

 and time of its introduction could not be determined. The word ' gapas ' means 

 ' cotton ' and ' sanglay ' means ' mixed ' or ' mixed breed ' and corresponds to the 

 Spanish word ' mestizo. ' The fiber is used to a very limited extent for spinning. 

 The leaves and immature bolls are sometimes used by the natives as a medicine 

 for the treatment of fever. The plant averages about 1^ meters in height. The 

 flowers are yellow, and there are no purple spots at the base of the petals." 



34186. GossYProM sp. 



''Toguillo. This is apparently the kidney cotton, or Gossypium hrasiliense. 

 Locality, Iloilo Province. The isolated plants are found widely distributed 

 in Panay and other islands of the archipelago. Formerly the lint was used in 

 several districts in Iloilo Pro\TQce for weaving purposes, but since the intro- 

 duction of the Taal species it has been almost replaced by the latter. The 

 original as well as other data relating to its introduction could not be deter- 

 mined. The oldest natives declare that to their definite knowledge it has been 

 grown in Panay for more than 40 or 50 years. How much longer before that it 

 had been planted is only a matter of conjecture. In Iloilo it is known as 

 'Toguillo,' 'Guillo,' or 'Visaya.' In two or three instances the fiber of this 

 cotton is grown for commercial purposes. In some localities it is used for 

 making fish nets, its supposed superior strength making it more valuable than 

 the Taal for that purpose. It is generally grown as a perennial shrub that 

 attains the height of 4 to 5 meters if allowed to follow its natural habit. The 

 leaves are 4 or 5 lobed, usually the latter, and measure 10 to 22 centimeters in 

 diameter. The bolls are longer and narrower than those of the Taal, measuring 

 4 to 5 centimeters by 2.5 to 3 centimeters. The seeds are black and quite free 

 from fuzz, five to nine being developed in each valve. The fiber is finer, 

 longer, and stronger than that of the Taal. The flowers are yellow, with red 

 spots at the bases of the petals. The fiber is about 3 centimeters in length. 

 Several samples of it have lately been forwarded to firms in the United States, 

 and the reports received were very favorable. The demand for this cotton is 

 almost unlimited, and the price quoted was 20 cents per pound and will con- 

 stantly remain 4 to 6 cents per pound above that of the middling Upland." 



34187. GossYProM hirsutum L. 



"Taal. This species was introduced into Panay about 15 years ago from 

 the region around Taal Mountain, in Batangas Pro\dnce; hence the signifi- 

 cance of the local name. Practically speaking, this cotton is the only one 

 grown here commercially or with any attempt at systematic planting. It is 

 usually cultivated alternately with rice; for this, and the further fact that it is 

 a more hea\'y producer of lint, its cultivation has been gradually superseding 

 that of Toguillo. It is planted as a field crop in the towns of Guimbal and 

 Miagao, of Iloilo Pro™ce, and the towns of Bugason and Valderama, of 

 Antique Pro\'ince. Its origin could not be ascertained. It is probably the 

 same as the 'Bulac Damo,' of Batangas. A few years back the production 

 and spinning of this kind of cotton, and also the weaving of cotton cloth from 

 it, constituted the chief household industry of Panay. The quantities of 

 cloth and blankets manufactured from it were, it is said, in excess of the local 

 consumption. The introduction of the Chinese cotton yarn and cloth by the 

 Chinese merchants during recent years has resulted in a considerable decline 

 in the production of this and other cottons, and to-day imported Chinese cloth 



