No. 471] 



CRETACEOUS PLANT REMAINS 



203 



carineous nature of Brachyphyllum is the structure of the wocxl 

 and phloem. Plate 5, Fig. 1, is a longitudinal radial section of the 

 tracheids of the wood, highly magnified. They show the paUnicd 

 and alternating bordered 'pits, which are the diagnostic feature of 

 Araucarioxylon Kraus. 



Plate 5, Fig. 2, makes the diagnosis beyond dispute, as it shows 

 the very striking Araucarineous character of the rays. Plate .'), 

 Fig. 3, represents a transverse section tliroui^li tlic xyl(>iii and 

 phloem in a yearling branch. Plate .'), I'in. \. >li(i\vs two hiimlKs 

 in the young stem of Brachyphyllum. li may 1)<> xcii lliat tJir 

 region of the phloem is marked by tin- almnivr of the ngu/arly 

 alternating rows of hard basf-fibers, which are found irifhout 

 exception in the phloem of all Cuprcssineous and Srr/noiincous 

 Conifers. 



Lignites Referable to Araucarioxylon. — Associated with tlic cone 

 scales of Protodammara and with the leafy branches of Hracliy- 

 phyllum are found numerous specimens of lignite, amongst w iiich 

 are two types of Araucarioxylon. The first of these is very simi- 

 lar to the wood of the living Dammara, and like Dammara it is 

 characterized by the presence of resinous tracheids. The pith, 

 when present, is seen to be large and com[)()sed mainly of tanni- 

 niferous cells as in that genus. When wouikUmI the wood of this 

 Araucarioxylon does not give rise to trauinatic it^siii-caiials. 



The second type, so far as we have been able to observe, does 

 not possess resinous tracheids. The pith, when present, is sclerified 

 and of small size as in Brachyphyllum. The wood, when injured, 

 forms resin-canals of a traumatic character. 



Plate 5, Fig. 5, shows a row of traumatic resin-canals in this spe- 

 cies. Plate 5, Fig. 6, shows one of these resin-canals and the ad- 

 jacent wood, highly magnified. The tracheids of the wood air seen 

 to be free from resin. This type <>j Araiuvrio.rylnn appears to br 

 the wood of Brachyphyllum, while the type fiist described appears 

 to belong to Araucarian Conifers more nearly allied in structure 

 to those now in existence. 



