No. 472] ANATOMY OF CRYPTOBRANCHU& 



the hyoid and the visceral arches, h; 

 figure, a very complicated structure 

 apparatus in the Japanese salaman( 

 ceral arches, as has been said; also in 

 and cartilage, and in the general fc 

 The arches v^-ill now he described in < 



The hyoid arch (11. , 

 H'., C.) is, as w„uW 

 be expected, much the 

 largest of the arches, 

 and is composed of two 

 S-shaped bars united 

 medially by a small, 

 unpaired copula (C). 

 Each bar is made up 

 of two closely united 

 segments (//., //'.), of 

 which the anterior one 

 (//'.) i^ nearly straight 



teriorciulwhcrcitcnds 



in a cartilaginous surface f..i aiti. nl.ttimi uitli the >kiill \^ iiia\ 

 be seen in the figure, nearly half of the pustcricr M-mnit ..t the 

 hyoid arch is bony (the cartilauiiious portions heino-, in all ca.Ne.N 

 dotted). In the Japanese form the entire hyoid arcli is composed 

 of cartilage, and each bar is of a single piece, instead of being 

 of two pieces as in the present form. The copula or median con- 

 necting piece is of al)()ut the same shape in both species, and con- 



