January 27, 1905. j 



SCIENCE. 



139 



which it produces, constitute sexual gener- 

 ations comparable with the gametophytic 

 generation in plants. The argument is 

 based upon: (1) The gradual reduction of 

 the gametophytic generation in plants with 

 the gradually lessening interval between 

 the reduction of chromosomes and the 

 process of fertilization, and (2) upon the 

 phenomena of chromatin reduction in both 

 animals and plants. 



The theory has no bearing whatever 

 upon relationships and it does not con- 

 template any homologies between any or- 

 gans of animals and plants. 

 Anatomy of Foliaceous Cotyledons : 



Francis Ramaley. 



Foliaceous cotyledons occur in many 

 species of dicotyledons, yet in form and 

 stnacture they are never exactly like the 

 true leaves of the same plant. Any 

 cotyledon, however, which is of herbaceous 

 texture and has a leaf-like form may be 

 described as 'foliaceous.' The term is 

 especially well applied to those cotyledons 

 which increase greatly in size after leaving 

 the seed and act as photosynthetic organs 

 for a long time. In the many species of 

 both temperate and tropical plants thus 

 far studied certain rather constant differ- 

 ences between leaves and cotyledons have 

 been noted. The lamina of the cotyledon 

 has usually a looser palisade than the leaf; 

 it has stoma ta on both surfaces even in 

 those cases where the leaf has them only 

 on the under side. Stomata are, however, 

 not so closely placed as in the leaf. Vascu- 

 lar tissue is less well developed in the 

 cotyledon, as may be easily seen by exam- 

 ination of cross-sections of cotyledon stalk 

 and leaf petiole. In the former the 

 bundles are smaller than in the latter, also 

 fewer and differently arranged. Stereom 

 is usually not developed in the cotyledon 

 stalk. 



The Botanical Institute at Buitenzorg : 

 P'rancis Ramaley. 



The Botanical Institute at Buitenzorg 

 has the best facilities to be found anywhere 

 for the study of tropical botany. Prac- 

 tically all the trees in the large garden are 

 arranged according to plant families, so 

 that it is possible to get, in a short time, 

 a good idea of the members of any partic- 

 ular group. The similarity of the flora of 

 Java to that of the American East Indies 

 makes Buitenzorg especially attractive to 

 our countrymen who expect to do botanical 

 work in the Philippines. The excellent 

 library, the well-equipped laboratory, and 

 the large staff of investigators all go to 

 make the place worth visiting. And more 

 than this— the director. Dr. Treub, is 

 anxious to have visitors to the gardens and 

 does everything to make their work profit- 

 able to them. The botanist, no matter 

 what his specialty, will find here always 

 ready and at hand an abundance of ma- 

 terial for observation and study. Prob- 

 ably nowhere else can he learn so much in 

 so short a time. 



Polyemhryony in the Genus Finns: J. W. 



T. DUVEL. 



The occurrence is reported of two or 

 more fully developed embryos in each of 

 the following species of pines: Piiius 

 covMeri Lamb., Coulter's pine; flexilis 

 James, limber pine; jeffreyi 'Oreg. Com.,' 

 Jeffrey pine: lambertiana Dangl., sugar 

 pine; murrayana 'Oreg. Com.,' lodgepole 

 pine; ponderosa Laws., bull pine; radiata 

 Don., Monterey pine; rigida Mill., pitch 

 pine. 



Observations on the Teratology of the Pine- 

 apple: Mel T. Cook". 

 The term 'teratology' is used with a very 

 indefinite meaning. It is very probable 

 that a careful study of teratology will be 

 of some service in taxonomy and morphol- 

 ogy. Thirteen types of variation on the 

 smooth 'cayenne' variety described. IMany 

 have been caused by the character of the- 



