Febrcary .3, 1005.] 



SCIENCE. 



J8J 



North of the Galapagos we fuuiul vege- 

 table matter at nearly all the stations, and 

 ])et\veen the Galapagos and Callao such ma- 

 terial was not uncommon in the trawl. 



Beyond the line of 2,200 fathoms dead 

 radiolarians became quite abundant on the 

 bottom, as well as in the mud of the man- 

 ganese nodules, though among the nodules 

 it was not uncommon to find an occasional 

 Biloculina. Many of the dead radiolarians 

 obtained on the bottom Mr. Kofoid found in 

 the guts of Salpa? swimming near the sur- 

 face or within the 300-fathom line in the 

 tow nets sent to that depth. The same is 

 the ease with many of the Dinoflagellata 

 which have been considered as deep-sea 

 types. In our tow nets from 300 fathoms 

 we found very connnonly Tuscarora, Tus- 

 ciirosa, Anlospira and othei's. In depths 

 of 300 fathoms to the surface the tow net 

 was rich in Tintinnida", either dead or 

 moribund Planktionella?, and Dinoflagel- 

 lata. Among the Dinoflagellata there were 

 10 species of Ceratium, 9 of Peridinidae, 

 Goniaulix, Phalacrona, Pyrocystis, Cyttero- 

 cyla, Undella and Dictiocystus. On the 

 surface Planliionella sol predominates, 

 with Asteromphale, Bidolpliia and Sunidia 

 thalassothrix ; among the Dinoflagellata we 

 obtained 12 species of Ceratium, 5 of Peri- 

 dinium and 22 species of other Peridinidae; 

 among the Tintinnidae were a number of 

 Sticholonga ; among the Acantherise were 

 especially to be noticed Acanthometra, 

 Acanthostaurus, Amphilonche, Collozoum, 

 Thalassicola, a number of Chirospira mur- 

 rnyana and a few Challengerida>. 



Our trawls brought up from the bottom 

 many interesting fishes, among which I may 

 mention Bailn/tci ois. Ipnops, and a few 

 bat-fishes, all thus far described by Mr. 

 Garnian from the 1891 expedition. I may 

 mention also a CJiimrcra, different from the 

 Chili species. The fishes have been ad- 

 mii'ably cared for by Dr. J. C. Thompson, 

 U. 8. N. 



Among the Crustacea were Liihodes, 

 MiDiidopsis and many macrurans, all well- 

 known species of the 1891 expedition. We 

 found a few mollusks and a few interesting- 

 genera of tubiculous annelids. Compared 

 with the 1891 expedition, few starfishes and 

 brittle stars were obtained, and still fewer 

 sea urchins, only one species of Aceste and 

 one of Aerope, a marked contrast to the 

 numerous echini collected in the Panamic 

 Basin in 1891. We obtained, however, a 

 magnificent collection of holothurians, 

 nearly every species occurring in the Pan- 

 amic Basin being fomid in numbers in our 

 track south of the Galapagos, in the wake 

 of the great Chili-Peruvian ciiri-ent and at 

 considerable depths. On one occasion, at 

 station 4647, in 2,005 fathoms, we obtained 

 no less than 16 species of holothurians, 

 among them brilliantly colored Bcnfho- 

 dytes, Psychropofes, Scotoplanes, Eupliron- 

 ides and the like. At station 4670, in 3,209 

 fathoms, we obtained 6 species of holothu- 

 rians. At station 4672, in 2,845 fathoms, 

 we also obtained very many specimens of 

 three species of Ankyroderma, a large 

 Deima, 2 species of Scotoplanes, 2 of Psy- 

 chropotes, with a number of young stages 

 of that genus; repeating thus the experi- 

 ence of the Challenger, which found holo- 

 thurians in abundance at great depth, not 

 only in the number of specimens, but also 

 of the species, though the Challenger did 

 not at any locality obtain as many as we 

 did at station 4647. Mr. Westergren made 

 a number of colored sketches of the species 

 which M-ere not obtained in the 1891 expe- 

 dition. A¥e also collected in the trawl a 

 number of deep-sea actinians, none differ- 

 ent, however, from genera found previously 

 in the Panamic district. We also obtained 

 a few pennatulids, gorgonians and anti- 

 pathes, and a very considerable number of 

 silicious sponges, usually associated with 

 the holothurians found in deep water in 

 the track of the Peruvian current. In the 



