402 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XXI. No. 533. 



He had now decided on his life work 

 and after the season in the field, went to 

 Cambridge to studj- with Agassiz. Here 

 he devoted himself largely to the study of 

 insects for the three years that he retained 

 his connection with the Lluseum of Com- 

 parative Zoology, but in his spare time he 

 read medicine and each winter he attended 

 the lectures in the Maine Medical School 

 connected with Bowdoin, from which he 

 was graduated with the degree of doctor 

 of medicine in 1864. 



In the summer of that year he made a 

 second trip to Labrador, where, with his 

 enlarged experience, he was able to add 

 greatly to the knowledge acquired on his 

 former trip. As a result, besides several 

 smaller papers, he published a large me- 

 moir on the geology and zoology of that 

 region. Later this material was worked 

 over and formed the basis of his book on 

 'The Labrador Coast.' 



On his return from this second trip to 

 Labrador he enlisted for three years as 

 assistant surgeon and accompanied the first 

 regiment of Maine Veteran Volunteers to 

 Virginia, where he served until the end of 

 the war. These ten months included the 

 whole of his medical practise. After be- 

 ing mustered out he acted for a time as 

 librarian and custodian of the Boston So- 

 ciety of Natural History, remaining there 

 until 1866 when with several of his former 

 fellow students— Hyatt, Morse, Putnam 

 and Cooke— he accepted a position in the 

 museum of the Essex Institute at Salem, 

 at that time one of the most active scientific 

 societies in the country. 



Then came the founding of the Peabody 

 Academy of Science in Salem. To it the 

 Essex Institute transferred its collections 

 and the scientific corps went with them, 

 Packard being appointed curator of inverte- 

 brates and in 1876 director of the academy. 

 Here he remained until 1878, when he ac- 

 cepted the position at Brown which he held 



for the rest of his life. While at Salem he 

 held various other positions. He was for 

 three years state entomologist of Massa- 

 chusetts, lecturer for several years in ento- 

 mology at the Amherst and Orono Agricul- 

 tural Colleges, and for two or three years 

 upon zoology and comparative anatomy at 

 Bowdoin College. He also worked for 

 two summers on the Bache and Bhie Light, 

 dredging for the U. S. Fish Commission 

 in the Gulf of Maine. He was connected 

 for a time wuth the Kentucky Geological 

 Survey, when he made a zoological explo- 

 ration of Mammoth Cave and laid the 

 foundation of his later work on cave life. 

 From 1875 to 1877 he was one of the zool- 

 ogists of the U. S. Geological Survey under 

 Hayden. 



In 1873 Agassiz inaugurated the Ander- 

 son School of Natural History on the 

 island of Penekese, the first summer school 

 of biology in America. Here for two years 

 Packard gave the instruction in insects 

 and Crustacea, and when with Agassiz 's 

 death the school was given up, Packard 

 started a similar but smaller summer labo- 

 ratory at Salem under the auspices of the 

 Peabody Academy of Science which he con- 

 ducted until his removal to Providence. 

 This work was later taken up by the late 

 Professor Hyatt at Annisquam, Mass., and 

 continued until the establishment of the 

 Marine Biological Laboratory at "Woods 

 Hole. In 1876 he was appointed by the 

 President a member of the U. S. Entomo- 

 logical Commission which was to devise 

 ways and means of cheeking the ravages 

 of the Eocky Mountain locusts in the trans- 

 Mississippi country. Later the scope of the 

 commission, which lasted for five years, 

 was enlarged so that it might deal with 

 other insect pests. On this service he made 

 two trips to the west, one taking him to the 

 Pacific coast. 



Besides these trips he spent the winter 

 of 1869-70 in Florida, stopping on his re- 



