662 



togeographic nomenclature, urging the grad- 

 ual evolution of terminology rather than its 

 rigid prescription. Harry N. Whitford con- 

 tinues his discussion of the forest of Flathead 

 valley, Montana. J. C. Arthur suggests a set 

 of simple terms for the spore structures in the 

 Uredinales, whose confused terminology is at 

 present extremely perplexing. 



The contents of the Journal of Comparative 

 Neurology for March are as follows: 



Irving Hardesty : ' Observations on the Spinal 

 Cord of the Emu and its Segmentation.' With 

 four figures. 



S. J. Holmes : ' The Selection of Random Move- 

 ments as a Factor in Phototaxis.' 



Walter C. Jones, INI.D. : ' Notes on the Devel- 

 opment of the Sympathetic Nervous System in 

 the Common Toad.' With twelve figures. 



Editorial: — Concerning the Glenetic Relations of 

 Types of Action. The Basis for Taxis and Certain 

 Other Terms in the Behavior of Infusoria. The 

 Problem of Instinct. 



IsADOR H. CoRiAT: 'A Review of Some Recent 

 Literature on the Chemistry of the Central Ner- 

 vous System.' 



SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 



THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. 



The 165th meeting was held March 8, with 

 President Merrill in the chair. The regular 

 program included: 



Genesis of Ore Deposits at Bingham, Utah: 



J. M. BOUTWELL. 



Three types of ore were described: (1) lead- 

 silver ore in lodes, (2) auriferous copper ore 

 disseminated in monzonite and (3) bedded 

 pyritous copper ore in marbleized limestone. 

 The lode ores are believed to have been trans- 

 ported by heated solutions which ascended 

 from a deep-lying magma along northeast- 

 southwest fissures, and to have been deposited 

 mainly by filling, partially by replacement. 

 The disseminated ore was shown to have been 

 formed at a period subsequent to the date of 

 intrusion, partly from the original constitu- 

 ents of the monzonite and partly from copper, 

 gold and other elements introduced by highly 

 heated solutions or vapors. The immense 

 lenticular beds of pyritous copper ore were 

 formed by molecular replacement of contact 



[N. S. Vol. XXI. No. 539. 



metamorphosed limestone, partly from ele- 

 ments emitted by the intrusives contempo- 

 raneous with their intrusion and partly by 

 subsequent additions from deep-lying portions 

 of the magma after the superficial portions 

 had at least partially solidified. Since these 

 two periods of ore deposition the primary sul- 

 phides have been enriched by superficial alter- 

 ation to oxides, carbonates, sulphates and sec- 

 ondary black sulphides. The complete report 

 on this district which has been prepared by 

 Mr. S. F. Emmons, Mr. A. Keith and Mr. J. 

 M. Boutwell, is now in press and will appear 

 shortly as Professional Paper No. 38. 



The Subterranean Gases of Cripple Creek: 

 Waldemar Lindgren. 



A brief account was given of the gases 

 which issue in some of the Cripple Creek 

 mines and which as a rule were not encoun- 

 tered until a point below the zone of oxida- 

 tion was reached. These gases interfere 

 greatly at times with the work of those mines 

 in which they appear and several deaths have 

 been caused by them. It was found that the 

 amount fluctuates according to the stand of 

 the barometer. At low barometer it issues 

 plentifully from the fissures and the porous 

 rocks, and may fill the mine up to the collar. 

 With high barometer the gas disappears and 

 the change may take place very suddenly. 

 The gas as a rule is heavy and accumulates 

 in winzes and shafts. Its temperature ap- 

 pears to be somewhat higher than that nor- 

 mally prevalent in the mine. It was soon 

 found that the amount of carbon dioxide, of 

 which the gas was believed to consist, was en- 

 tirely inadequate to produce the effects no- 

 ticed, and analyses show that a great excess of 

 nitrogen is present. A s^imple from the Con- 

 undrum mine was kindly analyzed by the 

 department of chemistry at Cornell Univer- 

 sity, with the following result : 



CO. 10.22 



O 5.7 



N 84.1 



~Mr. W. H. Weed presented a paper on ' An 

 Asphalt Lake near Tampico, Mexico.' 



Geo. Otis Smith, 

 Secretary. 



SCIENCE. 



