770 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XXI. No. 542. 



One zoologist, designated by the chief of the 

 Biological Survey. 



One botanist, designated by the botanist of the 

 Department of Agriculture. 



One forester, designated by the chief of the 

 Bureau of Forestry. 



One anthropologist, designated by the chief of 

 the Bureau of American Ethnology. 



v.-itli whom should be associated cue officer 

 of Engineers, U. S. A., and one naval 

 officer. Let this council meet once each 

 year, for example, towards the close of the 

 rainy season, and decide, in the interests 

 of the Philippine surveys as a whole, what 

 areas each bureau shall take up during the 

 ensuing season, and with what degree of 

 detail. It is believed that such a council 

 would deal satisfactorily with all matters 

 which might come before it, without lack 

 of due regard to the expert opinions of the 

 chief officers affected. In case of dissatis- 

 faction, however, an appeal might be al- 

 lowed to the governor-general. The find- 

 ings of the council should be regularly 

 reported to the Board of Philippine Sur- 

 veys in Washington. 



14. Aid from Army and Navy. — Except 

 at the largest towns, it is seldom possible 

 in the Philippines to obtain clothing or 

 food such as Americans are accustomed to, 

 and transportation facilities are very lim- 

 ited. For this reason it is recommended 

 that the officers of the scientific surveys be 

 granted permission to purchase supplies at 

 military depots, such as army posts and 

 naval vessels, and to avail themselves of 

 opportunities of transportation on vessels 

 attached to either service when such ac- 

 commodation can be afforded without 

 detriment to the military service. 



15. Cost and Time. — This committee is 

 not in a position to offer estimates of the 

 cost of Philippine surveys. These could 

 be easily furnished by the chief officers of 

 the various scientific bureaus. It is be- 

 lieved, however, that with a moderate num- 

 ber of parties in each branch, under the 



system of cooperation recommended in this 

 report, nearly all the work of exploration 

 outlined above would be completed in a 

 period of ten years, including charts, topo- 

 graphical maps and geological maps. 



16. Order of Importance. — Should it be 

 impracticable to organize the entire system 

 of surveys simultaneously, it is recom- 

 mended that they receive attention in the 

 following order: 



Coast and geodetic work and marine hydrog- 

 raphy. 



Land topography, including surveys and classi- 

 fication of the public lands. 

 Geology and mineral resources. 

 Botany. 



Systematic forestry. 



Zoology. 



Anthropology. 



This report was adopted by the commit- 

 tee on February 7, 1903. 



"William H. Brewer, 



Chairman. 

 George F. Becker, 



Secretary. 

 C. Hart IMerrtam. 

 F. W. Putnam. 

 E. S. Woodward. 



A'NTHROPOLOGY AND ITS LARGER 

 PROBLEMS. 



Youngest in the sisterhood of sciences, 

 anthropology borrows principles and meth- 

 ods from all the older branches of knowl- 

 edge ; and her first problem— a problem 

 renewed with each step of advance and 

 hence endless as the problem of quarry to 

 the huntsman or of crop to the planter — 

 is that of determining her own relations in 

 the realm of knowledge, her own place and 

 powers in the intellectual world. 



Viewed in the light of history, it is no 

 accident that anthropology is the youngest 

 of the sciences; for it is the waj" of knowl- 

 edge to begin with the remote and come 

 down to the near— to start with the stars, 

 linger amid the mountains, rest awhile 



