History of the New York Census. 207 



ment in the style of schedule used. The census of 1850, 

 employed a blank, which afforded a separate record for 

 each individual of whatever age, in which the sex, age, 

 color, occupation, place of birth, whether married during 

 the year previous, whether owner of real estate, whether 

 unable to read, and over 20 years of age, and whether deaf 

 and dumb, blind, insane, or idiotic were recorded. Col- 

 umns were provided for numbering the dwellings and 

 families in the order of visitation, thus incidentally afford- 

 ing a knowledge of the number of families to.a house, and 

 each page bore the certificate of the marshal. 



In like maimer the products of agriculture and manu- 

 factures were stated opposite the name of each owner, 

 agent or manager of the business, and be that business 

 what it may, the returns, if faithfully rendered, would show 

 to the extent of diversity allowed in the headings, the 

 character and amount of business of the nation. 



As is well known, the results, so far as they affected the 

 population, were at length published with comparative 

 and percentage tables. 



Of the agricultural statistics, only the more general sum- 

 maries appeared. The statistics of mortality appeared five 

 years, and those of manufactures nine years afterwards, — 

 an interval sufficient to cancel every feature of value they 

 might have possessed, except for purposes of comparison. 



The historian will find it his duty to record, that this 

 suppression of these important national statistics for so 

 long a period, and their final publication in an edition so 

 small that few of those most interested can reach them, 

 may be traced to a jealously of southern statesmen then 

 in office, at the vast preponderance of the elements of pro- 

 ductive wealth in the northern states. Time will most 

 assuredly develop the fact, that these vast resources are 

 adequate to the maintain ance of our national integrity, 

 notwithstanding the sectional efforts that have been made 



