MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



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Gravels of the Sierra Nevada of California," and " The Climatic 

 Changes of Later Geological Times." 



A pioneer among American geologists, he began as assistant to 

 Dr. Charles T. Jackson on the Geological Survey of New Hamp- 

 shire. He occupied, as one of the older State geologists, a promi- 

 nent place among those who have laid the foundation of American 

 field geology. The work he accomplished as United States Geolo- 

 gist of Lake Superior, and as State Geologist of Wisconsin, of Iowa, 

 and of California, was of high grade, and the important publica- 

 tions he issued in connection with these surveys have stood the 

 test of time. After the Legislature of California had refused to 

 continue their appropriations for the State Survey, he continued it 

 for some time at his own expense. The " Yosemite Book " was 

 issued in connection with that Survey, and on his return to the 

 East from California he published at Cambridge six volumes of 

 the " Geological Survey of California." 



He published a number of minor reports and papers in scientific 

 journals. He wrote the article "United States" in the ninth 

 edition of the Encyclopaedia Britannica and the definition of many 

 of the geological and mining terms in the Century Dictionary. 

 Among his other important publications should be mentioned his 

 " Metallic Wealth of the United States," the result of extensive 

 travels throughout the country, and his " Studies in Geographi- 

 cal and Topographical Nomenclature." His scientific sympathies 

 extended over a broad field. Besides his special geological work 

 he was interested in geographical questions, and had made a pro- 

 found study of Mining, Metallurgy, and Chemistry, so far as they 

 relate to geology. 



A man of strong convictions, he was naturally impatient with 

 many of the cruder theories of the younger school of geologists, 

 and was often considered as not sufficiently in touch with modern 

 methods. He was devoted to the interests of his students, allow- 

 ing them the fullest access to the materials he had brought 

 together, and most generous in his dealings with his fellow 

 workers. He brought together during his lifetime a large and 

 valuable library, which he gave to the Museum as the nucleus of a 

 library for the Sturgis-Hooper Professorship. The greater part 

 of it, about 5,000 volumes and nearly 1,500 pamphlets, as well as 

 the palseontological collections he possessed, mainly from California, 

 were already deposited in the Museum at the time of his death. 



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