RHOPALOCERA NI HO NIC A. 



4- Papilio demetrius, Cr. (Pi- 3, fi g- <•) 



Localities ― Main Island. 



Food plant ― /Eg\e sepiaria, D.C. 



Time of appearance ― From April until the end of summer. 



The larva is very similar to those of the two preceding species, exactly reversing the case of 

 machaon and xiithns. The hind wing of the male is ornamented with an oval greenish-white paten con- 

 cealed below the fold of the fore wing. This is, as a rule, hardly visible, but is displayed by the male 

 when courting his mate. Demetrius and macilentus are perhaps " dual ，， species. 



5- Papilio macilentus, Janson, (Pi. 3， fi g- 2 ') 



Localities ― Rare about Yokohama, but more abundant in the mountains of the Main Inland. 

 1 mie of appearance — From May and during summer. 



The female is very seldom to be obtained. The male, which is ornamented exactly as in the preceding 

 species, is, in its Hrst brood, often very diminutive, and I have captured them less than half the size of the 

 female specimen figured. I have not yet found the larva. This species is specially adapted to fertilizing 

 Lilies, the pollen from the flowers, which it frequently visits, adhering to its long hind wings and tails. 



6. Papilio alicinous, Klug. (Pi. 3， fi g- S-) 



Localities —— Main Island. 



Food plant ― Cocculus tliunbergn, D.C. 



Time of appearance ― From April until the end of summer. 

 The female of this species is dimorphic in China and the Ry ukyu Islands, being sometimes nearly as 

 black as the male, and sometimes buff, but I have never seen any but the last-named form in Japan. The 

 male emits a peculiarly sweet, musky odour when alive. The female also emits a fainter odour, but to me 

 this is as unpleasant as that of the male is pleasant. It is one of the most abundant Papilios, and is easily 

 caught. The larva resembles a partially ripe mulberry, and the pupa is most beautifully sculptured. 



7. Papilio helenus, L, (Pi. 2， fig. 2.) 



Localities ― Nagasaki and Tosa. 



lime of appearance 一一 May and summer. 



This is a southern insect, and I have not seen it further north than the Island of Shikoku. The large 

 white patch on the hind wing makes it a very conspicuous ooject. It has a fine rapid, bold flight, and 

 constantly returns to the same spot. The female is rare. 



8. Papilio memnon, L, (Pi- 2， fig. 1.) 



Localities ― Nagasaki. 



'j mie of appearance ― May and summer. 



This is the largest Japanese butterfly. I have not seen it, in Japan, north of the Island of Kyushyu. 



