18 THE BOOK OF MARKET GARDENING 



fences where hedges do not exist, or do not admit of 

 being readily restored. As protective hedges many 

 trees and shrubs can be employed, either evergreen or 

 diciduous. On heavy land we have found nothing 

 quicker or cleaner than the Cherry Plum or Myrobalan. 

 But profit-yielding hedges have been formed of Plums, 

 Damsons, Bullaces, Ornamental Crabs, Apples, Roses, 

 and other plants. 



Protective belts or plantations of trees are more 

 expensive, and need the most careful consideration, as 

 there is not only the time required for them to become 

 effective, but the space occupied and overshadowed is 

 lost for cultivation. Still when hedges do not suffice, 

 some provision of this kind must be made, and the 

 points to be observed are to have quick-growing, compact 

 trees, which should be further kept in bounds by pruning 

 and lopping. Where low trees suffice, especially if the 

 situation be damp, Willows may be useful in several 

 ways ; if tall trees are needed, Poplars are all quick in 

 growth, and will bear any requisite amount of cutting. 

 But their roots extend a long distance, and the trees are 

 objectionable, as the resort of many injurious insects. 

 The Common Plane is quick in growth, though it does 

 not form a dense head, but it is of the greatest value 

 in town districts. The Common Sycamore is also useful, 

 and the Norway Maple is a strong grower, standing 

 exposure well. The Wych Elm is fairly quick in 

 growth, and succeeds on some of the roughest coast 

 lands. 



