182 



Fig. 102. 

 Criwriti pelUta. A. vertical 

 filaiiiciit Willi branch, above 

 a carpogonium (?); the cells 

 contain a chromatophore 

 and starch grains. JS, vertical 

 filament with young sporan- 

 gium. 300:1. 



B 



Fig. 103. 

 Cruoria pellita. Bran- 

 ches consisting of nar- 

 rower cells with re- 

 fringent contents. 

 300 : 1. 



The vertical filaments are ascendent at the base; they are thicker near the base 

 than in the upper part, and consist there of somewhat swollen cells, about 12,5 — 14// 



thick, while the cells of the upper part are 

 6—11//, frequently 7,5—9// thick. 



The lower part of the filaments ta- 

 pers gradually upwards, while the upper part 

 is usually of equal thickness. The ultimate 

 cell is truncate or rounded, but never pointed. 

 The cells contain a nucleus and a single 

 calotte-shaped chromatophore, the border of 

 which seems to be more or less lobed. The 

 cells, particularly those of the undermost part 

 of the filaments, are usually tilled with starch 

 grains. The filaments are sparingly bran- 

 ched, by lateral ramification (fig. 102 A). 

 Hyaline hairs were not observed, but I some- 

 times found septate branches thinner than the filaments and with 

 more refringent contents, reaching the same level as the ordinary filaments (fig. 103). 



The telrasporangia and the sexual organs occur as a rule in distinct indivi- 

 duals; carpogonia have, however, been met with in tetrasporangia-bearing crusts. 

 The telrasporangia are lateral on the vertical filaments. As shown in the figure 

 published in Le Jobs' Lisle (I. c.) they are attached in such a manner that their 

 under part projects below the point of attachment. They are very large and divided 

 by three horizontal walls. In specimens from Frederikshavn they were 250 — 283// 

 long, 45 -60 // broad. A young sporangium is shown in fig. 102 B. In one case 

 the spores seemed to contain several nuclei, but the observation was not certain, 

 owing to the numerous starch grains contained in the spores. 



The antheridia form small lateral tufts at the upper end of the vertical fila- 

 ments, as shown by Thuret (Le Jolis 1. c. pi. IV fig. 3). They are usually produ- 

 ced in small numbers on the upper end of a unicellular branchlet (fig. 104). The 

 antheridia are linear, but the liberated spermalia, according to Thuhet (1. c.) are 

 globular. 1 have only once observed antheridia, in a specimen collected at Frede- 

 rikshavn in July, having also carpogonia and cystocarpia. 



The development of the cystocarps has only been incom- 

 pletely followed. The carpogonial filaments are lateral on the 

 vertical filaments. Their number of cells may be variable, at 

 most four (fig. 105 ^4), more frequently less, e. g. two in fig. 105 B, 

 and in fig. 106 A, where the trichogyne reached over the sur- 

 face of the frond. Most of the carpogonial filaments observed 

 had short trichogynes, and were probably young or abortive. 

 Carpogonia sitting directly on the vertical filaments also occur, 

 but in such cases it was often difficult to decide whether they 



Fig. 104. 

 Cruoria pellita. Upper ends 

 of filaments with antheri- 

 dia, mostly emptied. 390:1. 



