PISCES. 



93 



spotted. Ventrals opposite to the middle of the dorsal. 

 Adipose opposite the anal ; branchial rays about ten. 



Genus II. Osmerus, Artedi. Smelt. 



Mouth not so well armed as in the Salmon ; body without 

 spots ; ventrals corresponding with the anterior edge of the 

 first dorsal ; branchial rays eight. They are found in the 

 sea at the mouth of large rivers. 



FAMILY V. CLUPEiE. 

 No adipose fin ; body scaly. 



Genus I. Clupea, Cuv. Herring proper. 



Intermaxillaries very short, forming but part of the upper 

 jaw, the sides of which are formed by the maxillaries ; bran- 

 chiae deeply cleft, sides of the branchial rays comb-like; 

 mouth moderate ; upper lips not notched. 



Genus II. Alosa, N. Shad. 



An emargination in the upper jaw. 



Genus III. Engraulis, Cuv. Anchovy. 



Mouth cleft far behind the eyes ; branchiae still more open 

 than in the Herring ; rays twelve or more. 



ORDER III. MALACOPTERYGII SUBRACHIATI. 



Ventrals attached under the pectorals. Pelvis immediately 

 suspended to the bones of the shoulder. Two remarkable 

 genera. 



Genus I. Gadus, Lin. 



Recognizable by the sharp-pointed ventrals attached to the 

 throat. A slightly elongated compressed body, covered with 

 soft scales ; head without scales, fins soft, jaws and front of 

 the vomer armed with unequal pointed teeth in many rows ; 

 branchiae large, with seven rays ; two or three dorsal, one or 

 two anal and a distinct caudal. Inhabit cold and temperate 

 seas and form important fisheries. 



