THE NEGRO RACE. 



199 



which latter circumstance it may be inferred, that some of the head 

 waters of the Lovuma are at no great distance from the coast. " All 

 the people coming from the Interior walk to Kilwa;" and on my ask- 

 ing why they do not avail themselves of the canoe navigation, he 

 replied, "they do mot understand. Silver and gold are unknown to 

 the people of that portion of Africa ; and they have no money ; but 

 they will barter sheep, goats, and brass beads. They are acquainted 

 with iron ; and they dig copper, which is abundant, but they do not 

 know how to compose brass, otherwise there would be no trade. 

 Copal is too plentiful near the coast to be worth the trouble of bring- 

 ing from the Interior; and ivory is the only article of commerce 

 which comes from a distance." 



Among many individuals interrogated at Zanzibar, no one had 

 voluntarily entered the condition of slavery ; neither could I, from 

 any source, obtain evidence of the existence of such a practice. 



On comparing the various circumstances already mentioned, it 

 may I think be inferred, that if the outlet of the Monomoisy river 

 or lake is upon the Eastern coast, it is to be looked for only in the 

 Juba. It may also be observed, that the mouth of the Juba being 

 situated in barren territory, its waters must be derived from a dis- 

 tance ; either from the mountains of Abyssinia, or from the rainy 

 region to the southward. 



Some of the negroes imported from Mozambique into Rio Janeiro, 

 had come from the southern part of the above-described slave-district; 

 and Mr. Hale met with Wakondy, M'Hiao, and Makua. Others, 

 however, had been brought from further south ; as " the Takwani, 

 from the Zambezi river, and the N'Yambana, from Inhambane." 

 The latter were observed to be marked in a singular and unique 

 manner, with a row of fleshy knobs like buttons, which had been 

 artificially formed upon the forehead. 



SOUTH AFRICA. 



There were no Kaffers at Cape Town, at the time of the visit of 

 the Vincennes; but from statuary and other sources, I obtained 

 abundant evidence, that these tribes belong physically to the Negro 

 race. They appear, however, to be more familiar with pastoral life 



