PHYSICAL IirSTORY OF MAN. 



Pectocarya penicillata, (a Boragineous plant,) was seen on the north 

 branch of the Columbia River, growing as a weed around Fort 

 Okonagau; a post, where the soil is not cultivated. The plant 

 may have accompanied the cattle from the Lower Columbia; and 

 its history, seems connected with that of the preceding plant. 

 Moreover, these two, were the only introduced plants I could dis- 

 cover growing around Fort Olionagan. 



Solaniim tuherosimi. The French Catholic missionaries and the 

 Hudson Bay Company, have imparted the cultivation of the potato 

 to the Chinooks of the Straits of De Fuca. The potato, was also 

 seen cultivated at one native village on the north branch of the Co- 

 lumbia. 



The other plants and animals introduced by the Hudson Bay Com- 

 pany, were found to be confined to the immediate environs of Forts 

 Colville, Nisqually, and Vancouver, and to the agricultural settle- 

 ments on the Willamette and Cowalitz. The plants under cultiva- 

 tion at the two first-named places, were few, and were not specially 

 noted : but at Vancouver, an extensive and well-conducted garden, had 

 been established for many years. The original packages of seeds, were 

 brought, some by sea, but chiefly overland from Montreal. 

 Bullocks, were introduced into Oregon some years prior to our visit. 

 Sheep, were of somewhat later introduction. 



Chenopodium album, already mentioned, as perhaps an aboriginal 

 weed. — Is yet, possibly of European introduction. It was seen in 

 the cultivated ground, at Forts Nisqually and Colville ; and unlike 

 the following plants, widely spread over the adjoining prairie. 



Plantago major, also mentioned, as perhaps an aboriginal weed. — The 

 plant was seen naturalized in pathways, at Fort Colville. 



Polygonum aviculare, also mentioned, as perhaps an aboriginal weed ; 

 and observed growing in beds around the Chinook villages. — The 

 plant was seen naturalized around Fort Colville; but, at Fort Nis- 

 qually, I met with the broad-leafed variety only. 



Polygonum nigrum, was seen established in the cultivated ground at 

 Fort Colville. 



Anthemis cotula, had become an abundant weed around Fort Colville. 

 Amaranthus, a weed in the cultivated ground at Fort Colville. A 



species, perhaps the same, was seen at the Kooskoosky station. 

 Capsella hursa-pastoris, a weed at Fort Colville ; a single specimen 



was found at Fort Nisqually. 



