the pustules bearing fungus spores that are invariably seen, sooner 

 or later, on the dead leaf-stalks (petioles). 



The disease may spread through the soil by means of mycelium, 

 by spores blown by the wind from tree to tree, and by means of the 

 fall of diseased petioles, while replanting of supplies on diseased 

 spots without proper cultivation and treatment may be a means of 

 continuing the disease in the next corp of trees. The disease ap- 

 pears in all soils, but apparently spreads more rapidly and is more 

 destructive in damp, low lying, undrained hollows. Undrained, 

 uncultivated, neglected portions of any estate are a standing menace 

 to the whole estate and perhaps to the whole district. 



To prevent further spread of the disease, the following remedial 

 measures have been suggested : — 



(a) All dead or dying trees, diseased leaves and petioles that 

 have fallen to the ground, rubbish, etc., should be destroyed 

 either by fire or by burying deeply with lime. All stumps 

 should be grubbed up and as many diseased roots as pos- 

 sible destroyed. 



(6) When it is noticed that small areas are attacked, they may 

 be isolated from the remainder of the estate by digging* 

 good trench around them. This should prevent spread ot 

 mycelium in the soil to other portions of the estate. 



(r) Resting and cultivation of infected land that has been cleared 

 and burnt before replanting i supplies.' 



id) Spraying and application of chemicals to destroy spores, 

 and also mycelium in the soil. 



0) Replanting should be done with ripe nuts from disease- 

 resistant trees, if such can be found. 



Leaf Disease. 



The leaf disease is limited to small areas, which are apparent) 

 in want of better cultivation. 



It is caused by a fungus— a species of Pestalozzia— and may 

 recognized by the yellowish spots on the leaflets , especial) t 

 their tips. These spots gradually increase in size, the distal ic 

 of the leaf turn yellow, then brown, and eventually die. 

 leaflets of the terminal 2 or 3 feet of the leaf have died, th . f» 

 breaks off and hangs vertically downwards from the end or - [Q 

 leaf. (This is characteristic of the disease, and is protabi) ^ 

 the weight of the dead tip causing it to break off.) t- venlUt • 

 whole leaf dies, and others become infected. 



This fungus [Pestalozzia sp ) reproduces itself by means - ^ 

 on the upper surfaces of the leaflets, and is frequently a« 

 by another fungus, Diplodia efiicccus, the fructifications 01 ^ [h( 

 be observed as small, black spots, generally along the v« - ^ fef 

 leaflets near the mid-rib or on the petioles. Expenme 



