148 



DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS. 



hardly real thickets, even in the infiltrated ground. There were no 

 Palms, Melastoraaceae, Myrtacece, CofFeaceae, LoranthaceaB, Gesne- 

 riacege, Malpighiacese, Araliaceae, nor epidendric Orchidaceas. Even 

 ground Orchidacece were extremely rare ; as were also Cncurhitaceoe, 

 Tiliacece, Rhamnacece, Apocynacece, and especially Urticacece. 



On the other hand, the temperature of both air and water being 

 comparatively cool. Tropical tribes of plants are in great part re- 

 placed by tribes of variable and temperate climates; by Gruciferce, 

 Geranium, Oenothera, Galiarn, Valerianacece, Ghenopodium, Erifjeron, 

 Gnaphalium, and others. 



As in all Desert-regions, Ferns, Uepaticce, Musci, and Fungi, were 

 rare. An Acrosticlium was growing in the infiltrated ground ; but 

 with this exception, Ferns, besides being very seldom met with, were 

 chiefly confined to artificial localities ; to the overhanging banks of 

 deeply-cut irrigating canals. Hepaticce and Mosses were also confined 

 chiefly to similar artificial localities ; but in a few instances, were met 

 with in crevices of rocks on the upland. Fuiigi were not particu- 

 larly sought for; but the larger species were certainly rare. On the 

 other hand, Lichens proved abundant, as will be explained presently. 



The First of the following lists, is of tribes absent from all Western 

 Peru, as far as the snow on the Andes; non-Tropical tribes being 

 arranged in the third column : 



Dilleniacese, 



Araliaceae, 



Magnoliaceae, 



Anonaceae, 



Loranthacese, 



Fumariaceae, 



NymphseaceEe, 



CofFeaceae, 



Cistaceae, 



Menispermaceae, 



(the genus Xanthium, 



Droseraceae, 



Bixacese, 



Lentibulariaceae,) 



Frankeniaceae, 



Flacourtiaceae, 



Gesneriaceae, 



Aceraceae, 



Violacese, 



Sapotaceae, 



(the genus Spiraea, 



Bonibaceas, 



Ebenaceae, 



the genus Potentilla, 



Ternstroemiaceae, 



Oleaceae, 



the genus Fragaria), 



Hypericaceae, 



(the tribe Apocynaceae), 



Escallonieae, 



Gattiferae, 



Lauraceae, 



Cunoniaceae, 



Marcgraviaceae, 



Thymeleaceae, 



Cornacese, 



Erythroxylaceae, 



Elaeagnaeeae, 



Lonicereae, 



Malpigliiaceae, 



Monituiaceae, 



Dipsaceae, 



Rhizobolace^, 



Aristolochiaceae, 



Calyccraceae, 



Meliaceae, 



the tribe Artocarpeae, 



the tribe Cynareae, 



Rutacese, 



Cycadaceae, 



(the genus Helianthus), 



Ochnaceie, 



Palmaceae, 



the tribe Nassauviese, 



Celastraceae, 



Alismaceae, 



Ericaceae, 



