240 Weight of the Brain in the different Races of Man, [Jan. 23j 



or 875 grms. Prof. Marshall afterwards gauged the capacity of the skull 

 by filling it with water, which he has given. He found it to be 60*64 

 cubic inches. With this capacity given, it is easy to determine that the 

 weight of the brain would have been 31*01 oz. according to our rule. Prof. 

 Marshall's calculation very closely approximates to this, viz. 30-75 oz., or 

 only a quarter of an ounce different. This case, in which the brain-weight 

 was restored and the skull was also gauged, seems to be a good instance 

 for testing the accuracy of our method ; and the result appears to prove 

 that it may be relied upon with much confidence. 



The general mean of our African Kaces is less than that of European 

 Races, — a result which is not in agreement with Tiedemann's conclusions. 

 It is rather more than two and a half ounces less than our European mean. 



In passing to the American Races we have placed first the Esquimaux 

 of the whole Arctic Circle. They present the large general m.ean brain- 

 weight of 46*56 oz., or 1319 grms. 



A series of mostly individual skulls belonging to different American Tribes 

 affords a general mean of 46*23 oz., or 1310 grms. With these may be 

 compared the 164 skulls of the Barbarous Tribes'' of Morton's American 

 Family. When the mean cubic contents of these are reduced to our terms, 

 wdth the observance of our rule, they produce a brain-weight of 42*84 oz., or 

 1214 grms., which is less than our mean by something more than three ozs. 



When we arrive at the Caribs, former inhabitants of the Antilles, there 

 is a considerable falling off ; they descend to 42*32 oz., or 1199 grms. 



Among South American Tribes, the Amizcas, or ancient inhabitants of 

 the plain of Bogota, afford a mean brain-weight of 44*20 oz., or 1253 grms. 

 This is about the average until we reach the warlike Araucanians, Of 

 these, six skulls, five of which are those of men, and one of them also a mega- 

 locephalic skull, ascend to a mean brain-weight of 48*02 oz., or 1361 grms. 



The average of the whole of the American races reaches 44*73 oz., or 

 4268 grms., which is 2*14 oz., or 60 grms. less than that of the European 

 races. It also comes so near to the general mean of the Asiatic and 

 African races as to produce the impression that the whole must be regarded 

 as pretty nearly equal. 



The Australian Races belong to two families — the Australians 

 proper, and the Tasmanians ; and they are remarkable among human races 

 as possessing the smallest brains. The mean brain-weight among the 

 former is 41*38 oz., or 1173 grms., and among the more robust Tasmanians 

 42-25 oz., or 1197 grms. The mean of the two families when combined 

 reaches to 41-81 oz., or 1185 grms. This is a brain-weight one-ninth less 

 than that of the general average of Europeans. 



The last great section into which we have divided human races is that of 

 Oceanic Races. It includes the aboriginal inhabitants of all the Islands, 

 both of the North and the South Pacific Oceans. When we arrive at this 

 section we seem as if we w^ere returning in some measure to the large 

 brain-weights of Europeans. 



