1868.] Mr. J. Wood on Variations in Human Myology. 521 



51 . Extensor brevis digitorum. — In 4 males the tendon from this muscle 

 to the second toe was found doubled ; I was found on both sides, 2 in the right 

 foot, and 1 in the left only. In 3 females the same arrangement occurred ; 

 in 1 in both feet, in 1 in the right, and in 1 in the left only. In 2 of the 

 males (Nos. 4 & 8) the supernumerary tendon was inserted separately into 

 the base of the first phalanx. In the rest it joined, like its fellow, the 

 extensor aponeurosis. In the right foot of one male (No. 3) and one 

 female (No. 22) the fibres of the muscle to the second toe gave a tendinous 

 slip to the first interosseous muscle and fascia. This is doubtless an im- 

 perfect form of the same abnormality. 



Out of 40 males the former arrangement has been found in 6, and the 

 latter in 3 ; in ?tO females the former was found in 3, and the latter in 1, — 

 giving a total of 13 in 70 subjects. 



52. Abductor ossis metatarsi quinti. — This muscle, first described and 

 figured by the author in his paper of 1864, arising from the outer tubercle 

 of the calcaneum, and inserted into the tubercle at the base of the fifth 

 metatarsal bone, covered and concealed by the abductor minimi digiti and 

 the insertion of the peroneus brevis, has been found this year in 19 subjects 

 out of the 36, viz. in 1 1 out of the 18 males and in 8 out of the 18 females. 

 Of the males, 5 were found in both feet, 3 in the right, and 3 in the left 

 foot only. Of the females, 5 were found in both feet, 1 in the right, and 

 2 in the left foot only. It has been described by Professor Huxley and 

 Mr. Flower in the foot of the Gorilla and Chimpanzee, and has been found 

 by the author in that of the Orang-outang and Bonnet-Monkey ; and also, 

 lower in the scale, in the Cat, Hedgehog, and Squirrel he has found evi- 

 dences, though less distinct, of its presence. It is figured by Strauss- 

 Durckheim in the anatomy of the Cat. Mivart and Murie describe it in 

 the Hyrax, and the former observer also in the Iguana tuberculata. In 

 the Echidna also are fibres answering to this muscle. Meckel describes a 

 similar muscle in the Makis, the Brown Bear, and the Coati. 



Out of 68 males the author has found this muscle in 27, viz. in 19 in 

 both feet, in 4 in the right, and in 4 in the left foot only ; out of 34 

 females he has found it in 16, viz. in 10 in both feet, in 3 in the right, and 

 in 3 in the left foot only, — giving a proportion of about 43 per cent, of all 

 the subjects, and a frequency of 1 in the male to 1| in the female sex. 



53. Flexor brevis digitorum pedis. — In 3 males and 3 females (in one 

 of the former in both feet, and in 2 in the right foot only, and in 2 of the 

 latter in both feet, and in the other in the right foot only) the outermost 

 tendon of this muscle to the little toe was absent, as in the Quadrumana. 

 In some, a substitutory slip of muscle, arising from the corresponding ten- 

 don of the perforans or long flexor, was discovered, but often no trace of 

 a perforatus tendon could be found in the digital sheath. In the right 

 foot of the male (No. 8) a slip of tendon from the perforans of the middle 

 digit became blended with the perforatus at the metatarso-phalangeal joint. 

 In the same foot a well developed fusiform muscle arising from the tendon 



