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and Glaciers." Dr. Brinton died on the l/th of January, 1867, at tlie 

 early age of 43. The cause of his death was renal disease of three years 

 duration, against which he had all along borne up with marvellous courage. 



Mr. "Walter Crum, an eminent scientific chemist and manufacturer of 

 Glasgow, was horn there in 1796, and died at his residence, the Rouken, 

 near that city on the 5th of May, 1 867. He was the second son of Mr. Alex- 

 under Crum^ of Thornliehank, senior partner in the firm of Alexander and 

 James Crum, long established and much respected as merchant manufac- 

 turers in Glasgow. His mother, to whose family his personal characteris- 

 tics appear to have had the strongest resemblance, was a daughter of the 

 late Walter Ewing Maclae of Cathkin. Having received a liberal education 

 at the Grammar-school and University of Glasgow, he entered upon the 

 business of calico-printing, a department of the work of his father's esta- 

 blishment. With a view to the conduct and improvement of this branch 

 of manufacture he early devoted himself to practical chemistry, and in 1818 

 and 1819 was an ardent student of that science in the laboratory of Dr. 

 Thomas Thomson — at that time one of the few laboratories, if not the only 

 one in this country, in which analytical research was systematically prac- 

 tised and taught. The intimate knowledge of chemistry which Mr. Crum 

 thus acquired, combined with his general scientific attainments, enabled 

 him to introduce many useful improvements into his own business, and 

 thus to maintain and increase the excellence of its manufactures. As an 

 important example of these may be mentioned the well-known process of 

 *' orange resist" on indigo, which was invented and practised for five years 

 by Mr. Crum before it became known to other manufacturers. 



Mr. Crum's ability as a chemical analyst, however, gave to his researches 

 a scientific interest and a value beyond that which belonged to their mere 

 practical application ; and his first paper on the Analysis of Indigo, pub- 

 lished in 1823 in the 'Annals of Philosophy,' established his reputation as 

 a scientific chemist, and brought him into correspondence with, and pro- 

 cured for him the friendship of, many of the first chemists of his time, 

 among whom may be mentioned, as the most intimate, Thomson, Faraday, 

 Graham, and Liebig. He became a member of the Royal Society in 

 February 1844. His other scientific papers followed in succession from 1830 

 to 1861 ; almost all of them were communicated to and printed in the 

 Proceedings of the Philosophical Society of Glasgow, which he joined in 

 1834, and of which he became President on the death of Dr. Thomas 

 Thomson in 1852. A list of these papers is subjoined; several of 

 them were translated into German, and published in Liebig's 'Annalen 

 der Chemie,' as in vol. Iv. (1845), vol. Ixii. (1847), and vol. Ixxxix. 

 (1854). 



The most important of Mr. Crum's researches are those relating to 

 indigo, gun-cotton, the acetates of alumina, and the dyeing of cotton-fibre. 

 It was from Mr. Crum's analysis of sublimed indigo that he was led to 



