OF THE SIVALIK HILLS. 



43 



The Sivdlik fossil noted as No. 1 is a perfect skull with the exception 

 of the incisive bones, and fortunately exhibits the sutures on the upper 

 surface ; a second specimen consisting of the occipital and parietal regions 

 with the frontal as far forward as the front of the orbits ; and a third frag- 

 ment consisting of the incisive bones and teeth with the anterior extremity 

 of the nasals and maxillaries, are those from which we draw a comparison 

 on the bones on the upper and lower surface, and on the form and position of 

 the molars. 



On the upper surface of the fossil the chaffron instead of running in a 

 flat line slightly concave as in the existing animal, is considerably depressed 

 in the region between the orbits, the superior ridges of which are elevated in 

 proportion, and stand considerably forward on the cranium. From the remarks 

 on the elongated form of the temporal fossa it may be hardly necessary to 

 advert to the similar extension of the sagittal crest, which is proportionally 

 longer, and more marked, with a greater elevation at its junction with the 

 occipital. The broken and fractured boundaries of the nasal aperture in all 

 our specimens of skulls, will not admit of our measurements extending to that 

 point, but we are able from a fragment above referred to, containing the 

 incisive bones and nasal aperture, to note, that the nasal bones are advanc- 

 ed as far forward as those in the living animal, so that a straight line touches 

 their anterior extremities drawn from the front of the canine alveolus on one 

 side to that on the other. The nasal bones do not expand so much towards 

 the rear as in the existing Hippopotamus, and that part connected with the 

 frontal is more blunt and rounded ; the distance between the nasal bone and 

 the orbit and the lachrymal juncture is comparatively larger. The lacrymals 

 descend upon the jugal much the same as in the existing animal, but they 

 appear to advance considerably more forward on the face, the anterior extre- 

 mity in conjunction with the nasal and maxillary being exactly over the 

 last vicarious molar, whereas that figured by Cuvier represents this point as 

 over the second true molar. The suborbitary foramen is also more advanced 

 and the hollow in which it is situated, formed by the bulge of the jugal and 



