mi DESCRIPTION OF THE SIVATHERTUM, 



The form and relative proportions of the jaw agree very closely with 

 those of the corresponding parts of a buffalo. The dimensions compared 

 with those of the buffalo and camel are thus : 



Sivatherium. Buffalo. Camel. 

 Depth of the jaw from the alveolus last molar, .. 4.95 inch. 2.65 inch. 2.70 inch. 



Greatest thickness of do 2.3 1.05 1.4 



"Width of middle of last molar, 1.35 0.64 0.76 



Length of posterior 2-3d of do 2.15 0.95 1.15 



No known ruminant, fossil or existing, has a jaw of such large size ; 

 the average dimensions above given being more than double those of a 

 Buffalo, which measured in length of head 19.2 inches (.489 metres) ; and 

 exceeding those of the corresponding parts of the Rhinoceros. We have 

 therefore no hesitation in referring the fragment to the Sivatherium 

 Giganteum. 



The above comprises all that we know regarding the osteology of the 

 head from an actual examination of the parts. We have not been so for- 

 tunate hitherto, as to meet with any other remain, comprising the anterior 

 part of the muzzle either of the upper or lower jaw.* We shall now pro- 

 ceed to deduce the form of the deficient parts, and the structure of the 

 head generally, to the extent that may be legitimately inferred, from the 

 data of which we are in possession. 



Notwithstanding the singularly perfect condition of the head, for an 

 organic remain of such enormous size, we cannot but regret the mutilation 



* In a note received from Captain Cautley while this paper is in the press, that gen- 

 tleman mentions the discovery of a portion of the skeleton of a Sivatherium in another part of 

 the hills : See Journal As. Soc. Vol. IV. " During my recent trip to the Siivdliks near the 

 Pinjor valley, the field of Messrs. Baker and Durand's labours, I regretted much my inabi- 

 lity to obtain the dimensions of one of the most superb fossils 1 suppose that ever was found. 

 It was unfortunately discovered and excavated by a party of work people employed by a gen- 

 tleman with whom T was unacquainted, and although I saw the fossil when in the rock, I was 

 prevented from getting the measurements afterwards. This specimen consisted of the femur 

 and tibia, with the tarsal, metatarsal, and phalanges of our Sivatherium." It is much to be 

 regretted that such an opportunity should have been lost of adding to the information already 

 acquired of this new and gigantic Ruminant. — Sec. 



