t DESCRIPTION OF THE SIVATHERIUM, 



connecting links between those and the other genera of the family, and further 

 between the Ruminantia and the Pachydermata. In the Sivatherium* we 

 have a ruminant of this description connecting the family with the 

 Pachydermata, and at the same time so marked by individual peculiarities 

 as to be without an analogue in its order. 



The fossil remain of the Sivatherium, from which our description is 

 taken, is a remarkably perfect head. When discovered, it was fortunately 

 so completely enveloped by a mass of stone, that although it had long been 

 exposed to be acted upon as a boulder in a water course, all the more 

 important parts of structure had been preserved. The block might have 

 been passed over, but for an edging of the teeth in relief from it, which 

 gave promise of something additional concealed. After much labour, the 

 hard crystalline covering of stone was so successfully removed, that the 

 huge head now stands out with a couple of horns between the orbits, broken 

 only near their lips, and the nasal bones projected in a free arch, high 

 above the chafFron. All the molars on both sides of the jaw are present 

 and singularly perfect. The only mutilation is at the vertex of the 



* We Lave named the fossil, Sivatherium, from Siva, the Hindu god, and drjpwi' 

 bellua. The (Siifw/Z^ or Sub-Himalayan range of hills, is considered in the Hindu mytho- 

 logy, as the Lutiah or edge of the roof of Siva's dwelling in the Himalaya, and hence they 

 are called the Siva-ala or Sib-ala, which by an easy transition of sound became the 

 Sewdlik of the English. The fossil has been discovered in a tract which may be included in 

 the Sewdlik range, and we have given the name of Sivatherium to it, to commemorate this 

 remarkable formation so rich in new animals. Another derivation of the name of the hills, as 

 explained by the Mahant or High Priest at Dehra, is as follows : 



Sewdlik, a corruption of Siva-wdla, a name given to the tract of mountains between the 

 Jumna and Ganges, from having been the residence of Iswara Siva and his son Gane's, who 

 under the form of an Elephant had charge of the Westerly portion from the village of Dudkli 

 to the Jumna, which portion is also called Gangaja, gaja being in Hindi an Elephant. That 

 portion Eastward from Dudkli or between that village and Haridwdr is called Deodkar, from 

 its being the especial residence of Deota or Iswara Siva : the whole tract however betwee^ 

 the Junma and Gauges is called Siva-ala, or the habitation of Siva : uude der, Sewdlik, 



