INDICATION OF A 



so that the condyles of the foramen magnum are neither posteal nor anteal 

 to that junction. There is a short but strong vertical crista on the occiput, 

 and a transverse one of much greater extent, parallel and closely approxi- 

 mated to the lambdoidal ridge. The bony separation of the cerebrum and 

 cerebellum is very strong and much developed, leaving a long, elliptic, 

 vertical foramen in the midst, nearly twice the size of the great foramen : 

 the tympanal bones amply developed, semi-ovoid, and reaching forwards 

 to the articulation of the jaws which is so complete, in the cylindrical 

 hinge manner, that the lower jaw can be barely removed from the skull 

 The rami of the lower jaw are nearly straight, very powerful, short, 

 uncompressed or remote, and furnished with large sub vertical coronoid 

 processes, and small styloid ones : the condyles nearly on a line with the 

 upper cheek teeth. 



jTke Teeth. — The incisors are all disposed rectilinearly to the front, 

 erect, strong, cylindrical in their bodies, and broad-crowned ; the crowns 

 of the lower ones being horizontal — of the upper, obliquely sloped inwards. 

 The external incisors are the stoutest, and the rest gradually decrease in 

 thickness to the central pairs. These teeth are all in contact with each 

 other ; and, in lower range, with the canines also : but the front teeth of 

 the upper jaw have a necessary interval from the canines for their passage. 

 The canines are short, stout, obtuse, conic, and of equal size above and 

 below. They are mutually scarped by friction against each other, but exhi- 

 bit no heel. The upper canines are straight ; the lower, subcurved. All 

 the molars are in contact wath each other, but not quite with the canines. 

 They are sixteen in all — four on each side of either jaw, of which the two 

 first of the upper, and three first of the lower range are false molars ; the 

 3d above, and the 4th below, the carnivorous tooth ; and the 4th above, 

 the tuberculous one. Below there is no such tooth. All are disposed 

 lengthwise, save the tuberculars of the upper jaw which have a transverse 

 arrangement, causing a triangular vacancy between them and the internal 



