356 INDIAN CYPRINIDiE. Pceonomince. 



there is scarcely any perceptible difference between the lobes of the caudal, 

 otherwise we might suppose my G. anisurus to be his Cyprinus hata ; but it is 

 to be remarked that in my species the lower, and not the upper lobe is the longer 

 of the two, Cyprinus acra, Buch. is also said to have the upper lobe of the 

 caudal longer than the lower, but it has only eleven rays in the fin of the back ; 

 now, whether a species can be said to have eleven or twelve rays in the dorsal, 

 depends entirely on the degree to which the last ray is separated or divided, 

 which in this group it always is, more or less ; there can therefore be little 

 doubt that Cyprmus hata and Cyprinus acra are the same species. Cyprinus 

 ciira, Buch. is said to differ from each of the former two in the lobes of the 

 caudal being equal, and by there being only seven rays in the anal, while each 

 of the other fins has eight ; but what has been said with regard to the division 

 of the last ray of the dorsal, applies also to that of the anal fin, which also in this 

 group is always divided ; and according to the degree in which it is separated, 

 the fin may be said to have one ray more or less. I therefore treat these three 

 varieties as one species, which I have named G. lissorJiyncJms. Before enter- 

 ing on the description of this species, I must be allowed to mention one 

 peculiarity which it possesses in common with G. isurus and G. limtiopMlus, 

 namely, that there is a slight prominence on the symphysis of the lower, and 

 a corresponding fissure in the intermaxillaries of the upper jaw, but the lower 

 jaw is always round in front, and shorter than the upper, which prevents the 

 character just noted from being confounded with an analogous prominence on 

 the apex of the lower jaw in Sarcohorince, in which sub-family that organ is 

 always narrow and pointed at the apex. 



The head is compressed, and equal to about a third of the length of the 

 body, exclusive of the head and caudal fin ; the snout is hard, deep, prominent, 

 and smooth, without cirri. The eyes are placed anterior to the middle of the 

 head ; the posterior margin of the operculum is broad and somewhat square, or, 

 unequally rounded. The body is symmetrical, equally arched above and 



