168 



R. C. TemiAa— Ho utc of tlw Tul Chotiuli Field Force. [No. 4, 



58. To'e Tsappae = To'b Tsuppki.* 



59. Paste' = Pasto'. 



60. Manzaeai = Mtindakai. 



The frequent recurrence of certain names on the map leads to the 

 supposition that many of them are merely descriptive and on examination 

 the meanings of a great portion become apparent, the descriptive words 

 having changed very little on becoming names of places. f And though it 

 is always treading on dangerous ground to give derivations of place names, 

 I think the following are worth hazarding : 



1. Tangai means a gorge or pass, so Spir Tangai would be the White 

 Gorge (Spib for Spin) and Ti5r Tangai the Black Gorge (Tun for To'r.) 



2. Ghtjnp is round, globular and the Ghund Peak would mean the 

 Hound Hill, and Mt. Stjrghwand the Eed Round Hill. Again Ghunda is 

 a detached hill and Ghundamarai is Adam's apple in tlie tIn-oat, and as 

 applied to a village would mean the village by the round detached hill. 



3. Lwa'ra means hilly and as applied to a valley would signify the 

 hilly or upland valley. 



4. Chor means a ravine or water furrow and is applied to a steep- 

 banked, stream in the Pisliin. 



5. Sire' Khila would be the Inn or Caravanserai Fort. It was the 

 old rendezvous of the Hart5n Tarins in the Pishin. This is probably also 

 the meaning of Zara Khila in the Pishin. 



6. The Gaz Hills might mean the Long Hills fromji^ a yard-measure 

 or the Tamarisk Hills from>c a tamarisk. 



7. MzARAi means a particular kind of reed and is applied to a river, 

 a valley, and some marshy springs and the hills near these last. 



8. Suekha'e is the Red River. 



9. Zarghun means green, verdant, fresh and is applied to a range of 

 mountains covered with forest in the heights and to a village by a stream. 



10. LtJR means Upper and Kuz, Lower, when found in composition 

 with place-names. LoVe' and Lo' mean Greater : Ktjchhai and Kaun, 

 Lesser. 



11. In Mehtarzai, Mehtab is Persian meaning " master, ruler." 

 Mehtaezai would mean the Ruling Clan. 



12. Ghwazh means a sluice and also the ear, and is foimd applied 

 to a stream and a range of the hills, the Spin Ghwazh, (?) the White Ear 

 Hills. Zhwazh means the murmuring of a brook and may be the deriva- 



* A corruption of 'KkiA Chtjppiii the Beloch name for the same place ■with the 

 same meaning, viz., Black Rock. Thus Trikh Kukam is called also So'k Kuram, which 

 has the same meaning, Salt Springs. 



t I do not here refer to such purely men's names as Habibullah, Khijshdil 

 Khan, transferred to the villages owned by the persons of these names. 



