1880.] W. T. Elanford — Contributions to Indian Malacology. 215 



front and dilated near the mouth ; the space inside the keel and around the 

 umbilicus is of moderate size and plicately striated. Aperture nearly circu- 

 lar and subvertical, with the opening of the basal canal to the left of the 

 base, and in nearly the same plane as the apertui'e. Peristome white, 

 thickened, expanded and turned back, produced slightly above to the right 

 of the penultimate whorl, and to a greater extent below at the mouth of 

 the canal ; columellar margin a little narrower, joined for a short distance 

 only to the penultimate whorl. Length 0'53, major diameter 0'22, minor 

 0'18 ; breadth of the aperture within 0'12 inch. 



This is the smallest form yet obtained of the peculiar group of Sou- 

 thern-Indian Oatauli. I received three specimens some years ago from 

 Mr. Theobald, who supposed them to be G. caloadensis. Mr. Theobald, I 

 believe, procured them from Mr. F. W. Bourdillon, who obtained them near 

 Mynall, on the hills east of Trevandrum. This shell is, I think, mentioned 

 as Cataulus calcadensis by Mr. Theobald in hia description of Mr. Bourdil- 

 lon's shells (J. A. S. B., 1876, xlv. p. 185). The present sjjecies, however, 

 has one whorl less, and is a much smaller shell, with proportionately shorter 

 whorls, the sculpture is less close and distinct, the colour whitish instead 

 of golden brown, the basal keel less developed, and its opening is in the 

 same plane as the aperture, instead of being turned downwards, &c. From 

 C. costiolatus, the present form is chiefly distinguished by its much finer 

 sculpture and by the characters of the basal keel. 



28. CATAtTLUS CALCADENSIS. 



The original specimens of this species described by me in 1869 (J. A. 

 S. B., xxxviii. pt. 2, j). 137) were bleached and chalky. Subsequently, Col. 

 Beddome, who discovered and named this very interesting form of Cataulus, 

 procured fresh living specimens of a golden-brown coloui', with the aperture 

 of the same tint as the shell.* The peristome in these specimens is not 

 free from the last whorl. The operculum is normal, and precisely similar 

 to that of Ceylonese species of the genus. 



The specimens described by Mr. Theobald as Sapalus travanlcoricus-^ 

 are, I am satisfied, immature shells, and I believe them to be the young of 

 this, of G. albescens, or of some nearly allied species of Cataulus. Mr. 

 Theobald states that the types of his supposed Hapalus differ from the 

 young of Cataulus calcadensis, i. e., C. albescens, but he omits to point out 

 the distinction. I had an opportunity of examining the types, which were 



* I have not seen specimens of the olive colour represented in the ' Conchologia 

 Indica,' jjI. cvi, fig-. 10. 



t J. A. S. B. 1876, xlv. pt. 2, p. 186, pi. xiv. fig. 5. The name should, in any 

 case, bo Latinized as travaiicoricus. There is no such place as Travankor, the euaiuion 

 English uamo Travancoro heiug a corruption oi' the real name. 



