44 



ANALYSIS OF THE DULVA, 



Some make only four divisions of the whole Dulvd, thus, in Sanscrit— 

 1. Vinaya Vastu. 2. Pratimoksha Sutra and Vinaya vihhaga. 3. Vinaya 

 kshudraka Vastu, and 4. Vinaya Uttara grantlia. And this division is cal- 

 led Lung-de-zhi, ('S^'^'^tf,) the four classes of precepts. But in the col- 

 lection with the Society the subdivision is as exhibited above. 



Under this title " Dulva'' (qsqJ'^,) there are thirteen volumes marked 

 with the thirteen first letters of the Tib. Alphabet (from ^ — On each 

 leaf, on the margin of the left side, whence the lines begin, this title is 

 expressed ; then follows the letter, under which the volume is registered, 

 accompanied by the number of that leaf in words, thus — ^, =1^=1, i. e. 

 the Dulvd class, the Kd or first volume, first leaf. 



On the first page are seen three images representing Shakya with his 

 son on his left, and one of his principal disciples on his right, with these 

 sentences or inscriptions below them — " tliup-^vdng-la namo,'' salutation 

 to the prince of Munis — " Shdrihi-pula-namo,'" salutation to the son of 

 ShArika, sgra-gcheii-hdsi?i-la-ndmo,'' salutation to Grachen dsin (or 

 LXhula, in Sanscrit.) 



The titles of the great divisions of the Kdh-gyur, and of some parti- 

 cular works, are frequently entitled both in Sanscrit and Tibetan, as in 

 the example just given ^'sij;'^^:;^'^^ rgya-gar-skad-du, (in the Indian or 

 Magadha language, or Sanscrit Vinaya vastti.)~Sod-skaddi(, and lastly 

 in the Tibetan language hdid-va-gzhi, " the basis of religious 



discipline." 



After the title of the work, follows the " salutation to the three holy 

 ones," in Tibetan, thus — Dkon-Mc/i hog-Qsum-la-p hyag-Hts' hal-lo, which 

 in Sanscrit is expressed elsewhere thus — Namo Ratna Traydya, and means 

 exactly what is above expressed. Then follows a special salutation to 

 Shakya, in one sloka, of which the meaning is this — " He that has cut off 

 entirely all bonds (of human affection), has overcome the determinists 

 (^Sans. Tirthika, Tib. Mu-stegs-chan,) and has really subdued the devil 

 with all his hosts, he has found the supreme perfection ( Bodhisaiiva,) 

 I adore him." 



