80 



ANALYSIS OF THE DULVA, 



They correspond to the Sanscrit : 1. Vipashyi. 2. Siklii. 3. Vishivdbhu. 

 4. KaJcutsanda. 5. KanaJm-muni. 6. Kdshyapa. 7. Sliakya Muni. 



From the 30th leaf of the 5th (or ^ Cha) volume to the end of the 

 8th (or % Nya) volume, is contained the " explanation of the religious 

 discipline," (Sans. Vindya vihhanga, (better Vihhdga,) Tib. Hdul-va-mam- 

 par-Hbyed-pa.) 



In these four volumes, are several stories of immoral actions, com- 

 mitted by some one of the religious persons belonging to the disciples of 

 Shakya. The crime, generally, becomes divulged amongst the people, M^ho 

 blame the conduct of the priests. Shakya is informed afterwards of the 

 fact. The delinquent is cited before the congregation ; confesses his fault ; 

 and is rebuked by Shakya: who then explains the immorality of the 

 act, makes a law thereupon, and declares that whoever shall violate it, 

 shall be treated as a transgressor. 



The stories, in general, are of little importance, and many of them 

 too indecent to be introduced here. 



The two hundred and fifty-three rules to be strictly observed by the 

 priests (Tdgh-dong) are of five kinds, (or there are five kinds of sins or 

 faults provided against in those rules.) 



1 . There are some for the violation of which they are expelled from 

 the order. Such are the laws or rules against adultery or, in general, for- 

 nication ; robbery or stealing ; murder or destruction of animal life ; and 

 the giving out (or selling) of human doctrine as a divine revelation. 



2. By the violation of a second class of rules, they become outcasts 

 from the priesthood, or are degraded. Such crimes are — the emissio 

 seminis ; indecent behaviour ; immodest talk ; the causing of divisions 

 amongst the priests ; the blaming of the secular state, &c. &c. 



3. In the 3rd class are reckoned thirty faults ; — as the keeping or 

 wearing of more clothes than is permitted — neglecting to wear religious 

 garments — the deposition of them at any place, &c. — prohibited materials 

 for clothes, &c. 



