302 NOTICES ON THE LIFE OF SHAKYA, 



althougk he used a very sweet language, and employed every means to persuade him to enjoy 

 worldly pleasures, and to renounce his abstinence, since it is difficult to subdue entirely one's 

 mind or passions. Satan thus said to him: " give alms, offer sacrifices of burnt offerings ; 

 by these means you shall acquire great moral merits. But to what purpose is abstinence?" 



Bodhisatwa (Shakya) said to him : " I must soon triumph over thee Satan : thy first troop 

 is wish or desire ;— the second is displeasure ;— the third is formed of hunger and thirst ;— in the 

 fourth stand passions or lust;— in the fifth dulness and sleep;— in the sixth fear or dread ;— the 

 seventh is thy scruple or doubt ;— the eighth are anger and hypocrisy. Those that seek only 

 for profit or gain, for praise (bestowed in verse), honour, (ill got) renown ; men praising 

 themselves, blaming others. These are the troops that belong to the army of the black Devil." 



He said farther to the Devil : " To such Priests and Brahmans, who have subdued their 

 passions, who possess self- presence, who apply well their understanding, and do every thing 

 conscientiously, what canst thou do ? lU-minded !" 



After having said thus, the Devil vanished much dejected, on account of his ill success. 



But Bodhisatwa (Shakya's) final victory over the Devil (or the troops of Kama Deva) 

 was under the holy tree ( S^'^'R'''^^' Chang chuhshing ; Jicus Indica) sitting on the spot 

 of the essence of holy wisdom ( S'^'S^'^'^^'^ Changchub snyingpo, called also Torjedan 

 S^'^'2:]s^3) Sans. Vajrdsana, the diamond seat,) at or in the neighbourhood of the modern 

 Gaya, in south Behar. 



Shakya after having recovered his strength, leaving the Nairanjana river, visited that 

 spot with the intention to become Buddha, as his predecessors had done. He sat down there 

 under the holy tree, or a seat of grass, with the resolution or vow, not to rise from that seat, 

 till he had found the supreme wisdom. The Devil seeing, that, should he become Buddha, 

 all animal beings instructed by him, will grow judicious and wise, and then they will not obey 

 his commands or orders, endeavours by all means to thwart his object. But all his efforts are 

 in vain. Bodhisatua cannot be overpowered — Shakya, after being victorious over all the 

 assaults of the Devil, passes through several degrees of deep meditation and ecstasies, and at 

 last, about day break, arrives at the supreme wisdom (in the 36lh year of his age,) 



In the 21st chapter of the " Gyd-cher^rolpa," Sans. " Lalita Vistara," there is a long 

 description, both in prose and verse, how the Devil (S. Mara, Tib. ^5'^ drit, or the Ishwara 

 of the Cdmadhatu) was informed of Bodhisatwa' s approaching exaltation. Of his (the Devil's) 

 thirty-two inauspicious dreams— of his hosts— of the monstrous and horrible forms of the fighting 

 angels— of the several kinds of their weapons— of the manner of their fighting— of the deser- 

 tion of Kama by several gods— of the dissensions of his sons— of the two parties : the white 

 and the black, standing on the right and left sides of Kama. Those of the first party under 



