ANALYSIS OF THE MDO. 4^9 



subject of the treatise. The explanation is given in an argumentative manner, 

 and by mixing metaphysical speculation with moral doctrine. Tn LeaJ" 

 416 it is said, that the bodies of the Tathdgatas are like the extent of 

 heaven. 



(Na) or the fourth volume. 



In this volume, of 444 leaves, there are five separate treatises or siitras, 

 but they are all of little importance, and none calculated to excite literary 

 curiosity. 



The first is entitled, in Sanscrit, A'nja " Tcushala miila paridhara " ndma 

 makd ydna sutra. In Tib. ^^^^ Hp'hags-pa " dige-vahi-rtsa-va-yongs-sii-hdsin- 

 pa^'-%hes-hya-vn-tlteg-pa-ch'hhi-pohi-mdo. Comprehension of virtue's roots (or 

 elements) a venerable sutra of high principles. This was delivered by ^chom- 

 LDAN-^DAS (Sha'kya) in a grove near Rdjagriha (called in Tibetan, Hod-mahi- 

 ts'hal, he In Sanscrit, Venu vanam, a grove of bamboos). There is a long 

 enumeration of his disciples arriving from all parts, and of their salutations. 

 The subject is moral and metaphysical doctrine. The whole is very incohe- 

 rent, abstract, and miscellaneous ; therefore nothing can be said with precision. 

 The organs, senses, operations of the mind, and emptiness (or siinyatd) are the 

 common topics of this, as also of some of the following sufras. Sha'kya 

 frequently addresses Sha'radwa'tihi-bu (one of his principal disciples), who 

 again several times begs him to explain the meaning of such and such a term 

 or phrase. This sutra is contained on the leaves from 1 to 346. It is divided 

 into 18 artificial portions {bam-po) and 15 chapters. It was translated by the 

 Indian Pandit, Prajna'-varma, and Ye'^she's-^de' — corrected and arranged 

 afterwards by Prajna'-varma, Jna na-garbha, and Ye'-she's-^de". 



The second sutra in this volume (from leaf^i'^Q to 421) is entitled, in '^oxis- 

 cx\t,A'ryasangghdtisutradherma paryayd. In Tibetan, Hp7iags-pa-zimg-gi- 



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