me OBSERVATIONS ON THE GEOLOGY OF THE 



calcareous rock, with several caverns in it. The carbonate of lime, in 

 conglomerated masses or in stalactites, is here much purer than that found 

 amongst the islands just described. Several of the stalactitic masses are 

 bell or fungus-shaped, the apex upwards, and when struck, are found to 

 be remarkably sonerous. These are all tinged with iron. 



f ulo Tilibon, which forms the northern side, exhibits granite and 

 iron stone, with veins of quartz in it. From all that I have seen, it 

 should seem that the lime formation becomes more compact and pure, as 

 it is followed in a northern direction. 



The rock in question contains a detached portion, having a stratified 

 appearance, and inclining to the S. E. at an angle of about 35°. In one 

 of its caves were observed twelve human skulls, laid out in a row. They 

 were those, the Siamese said, of Burmans, who were slain in those wars, 

 when they attacked and destroyed Tilibon. Part of the stockade, which 

 surrounded the town, was yet standing, when I visited the spot in 1824, 

 about fourteen years after its destruction. The thick planks, or beams, 

 . were quite sound, and very hard. The tree, from which these durable 

 walls had been obtained, is the Mai-ke-um of the Siamese, and the Rayu 

 ^«^to7i of the Malays. 



The Trang river is broad — with a high ridge running at right angles 

 to it, on the west side of the entrance. Granite rocks here protrude 

 through the soil, which is red and ferruginous. The shore is overspread 

 with lumps of micaceous iron glance very fusible. The iron is in small 

 rounded particles — black, but yielding a reddish streak, and when reduced 

 to powder, adhering to the magnet. The matrix is a brown ochre, which 

 soils the fingers. The quartz, which is found imbedded in the granite of 

 this coast, is generally very lammellar, and the plates transparent. There 



are 



