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MALAYAN PENINSULA. 161 



arranged along the palisade inside. Several specimens of regularly 

 chrystalized quartz were here picked up. 



The " Khyen N't,'" or " Red Karians,'' who inhabit the jungly and 

 hilly tract, stretching from this place in a northerly direction, are of 

 a very savage and warlike disposition. They use thick bufFulo-hide for 

 armour, and fight with spears and poisoned arrows. The climate of this 

 province is temperate. At Martaban, during the rainy season, which is 

 not the coldest, the following average was taken from a series of notes 

 on the state of the thermometer : — 



Average of Fahr. Ther. 

 7 A. M. 4 p. M. 



Fifteeen days in May, 78 82 



Twenty-five days in June, 72 73 



Forty-two days, from 1st July to 14th August, 77 80 



The geology of Ava is little known, nor has any one of the many, 

 who accompanied the troops up the Irawadi, favored the world with a 

 connected sketch of the rocks observed on its banks. That the lime 

 formation will be found to extend up to Asani, there is every reason to 

 believe from the accounts received, and since it is known, that carbonate 

 of lime in shape of the finest marble, and also alabaster, in a pure state, 

 are very common in the country — thus countenancing the position taken 

 up in another part of this paper, that the lime formation gradually be- 

 comes more compact and pure, as it bends to the north. Dr. Hamilton 

 observes, that " at Prin he saw part of the chain of hills which forms the 

 northern boundary of Pegu, and that there sandstone and limestone 

 were observed in flags. In Tliaumpe, a Shan district, they have lead, 

 iron, tin — some silver it is said, and limestone. 



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