180 NEW SPECIES 



the whole breadth of it, and extending lengthwise from the base beyond 

 the centre. These ribs present their prominence edgewise to the surface 

 of the bill, giving it there an undulatory form : elsewhere, the surface is 

 perfectly smooth. The inner margins of the bill are, by nature, united and 

 entire, but with their edges cut out, and interlocked towards the base ; 

 and so they continue to be in the oldest birds. Towards the tip, the inner 

 margins are, in old birds, much and irregularly broken, and separated 

 by hard use ; and the ridge also is broken by similar means. 



That the inner margins of the bill are not naturally " serrated" in 

 this species, at least, I am enabled confidently to say, from having a well- 

 grown young bird, with a perfect bill before me. 



The upper mandible of this species is not furnished with an accesso- 

 ry member, in this respect agreeing with the Senegal Gingala and crimson 

 Hornbills. Botli mandibles are nearly equal, and tend to a point, which 

 is obtuse, especially in old birds. 



The base of the culmen, as far down on either side as the nostrils, is 

 feathered : the remainder of the base of the bill entirely naked. 



The tongue is very small, triangular and flat. The nostrils are small, 

 rounded, basal, placed high on the sides of the bill, and covered with re- 

 cumbent feathers. 



The region of the eyes is naked, except over the brows, as far forward 

 as the nostrils, where the skin is feathered. The eye lashes are strong, 

 flattish, and tend outwards, with their tips incurved. The legs are short, 

 very stout, and unfit for walking : the tarsi very short ; in front, a little 

 feathered at top, elsewhere shielded by a succession of single, strong, 



transverse 



