106 



GEOLOGY OF PULO PINANG, 



especially the CduUaJi visitors, who seem to have looked upon it with 

 some degree of religious veneration. We succeeded in crossing the ditch, 

 the elephant sometimes being nearly up to the howdah in mud, and 

 having passed through the cocoanut grove found ourselves near one of 

 the caves. It was not deep, and was formed merely by the over-hanging 

 of the rock. We knocked off some specimens here, and found it to be 

 limestone, close grained, of a dark smoke grey colour, (No. 1). In some 

 places the grain was coarser, the colour deeper ; sometimes brownish with 

 minute veins of calcareous spar running through it, (No. 2). Numerous 

 stalactitical masses of a dirty white colour and of immense size, hung 

 from the face of the rock and from the roof of the cave, and when struck 

 with a hammer, gave out a peculiar hollow ringing sound — specimens of 

 these will be found in No. 3 of the series. 



Near to this cave there is another, not very deep, but of immense 

 height, the light penetrating at top, through an opening, apparently half 

 way up the precipice. Between these two extending along the base of the 

 rock for some distance, rising a few feet above the surface of the soil, and 

 resting on the limestone, is a bed of reddish yellow cellular calcareous 

 breccia, containing small angular portions of a deep red argillaceous sub 

 stance resembling that composing Pulo Sonsong, formerly described, along 

 with small shells and pieces of coral, (Nos. 4, 5, and 6). In No. 4, near 

 the label, is a distinct impression of a fossil shell, apparently a species of 

 cirrous (?) and on attentive examination with a magnifier, others much 

 smaller are readily discovered. We saw the breccia only in this spot; but 

 as we found it impossible, from the swampy nature of the soil, to walk along 

 the base of the precipice, it may exist in other places which we did not visit. 



-' The third cave we came to is somewhat further to the northward. It 

 is of splendid extent, apparently one hundred and fifty or two hundred feet 

 in height. The entrance is low, but we ascended a steep slippery road, 



