I.] THE AMERICAN GARDENER. 31 



over every other sort of fence ; and that is, that it 

 effectually keeps out poultry^ the depredations of 

 which, in a nice garden, are so intolerable, that it 

 frequently becomes a question, whether the garden 

 shall be abandoned, or the poultry destroyed. Fov/ls 

 seldom, or never, over a fence. They, from mo- 

 tives of prudence, first alight upon it, and then drop 

 down on the other side ; or, if they perceive dan- 

 ger, turn short about, and drop back again, making 

 a noise expressive of their disappointment. Now, 

 Fowls will alight on wooden, brick, or stone fences; 

 but never on a quickset hedge, which affords no 

 steady lodgment for their feet, and which wounds 

 their legs and thighs and bodies with its thorns. 



54. What has been said here of forming a hedge 

 applies to meadows and fields as well as to gardens ; 

 observing, however, that, in all cases, the ground 

 ought to be well prepared, and cattle, sheep and 

 pigs kept effectually off, until the hedge arrive at 

 its sixth year. 



55. If I am asked how the white thorn plants are 

 to be had in America, I answer, that I saw a Tree 

 of Hawthorn at McAIlister^s Tavern, near Harris- 

 burg, in Pennsylvania, loaded with red berries. In 

 short, one large tree, or bush, would soon stock 

 the whole country ; and they may be brought from 

 England, either in plant or in berry. But, there 

 are many here already. If more are wanted, they 

 can be had any month of December, being shipped 

 from England, in barrels, half sand and half berries 

 in November. The berries, which are called haivs 

 are ripe in November. They are beaten down from 

 the tree, and cleared from leaves and bits of wood. 

 Then they are mixed with sand, or earth, four 

 bushels of sand, or of earth, to a bushel of haws. 

 They are thus put into a cellar, or other cool place ; 



