446 



THE AMERICAN NATURALIST 



[Vol. LVI 



therefore, these birds are prevented from nesting along 

 the shores, thereby protecting the stream from becoming 

 infected with the tapeworm disease. 



At the termination of the investigations in Kittitas 

 county, the writer made the following specific recom- 

 mendations to the county game commissioners : 



1. Not to close lakes for more than a short time, say a 



year or two, and only for the purpose of conserv- 

 ing the fish. When a lake is closed for many years 

 the normal multiplication of fish is such that the 

 food supply within the lake is greatly diminished, 

 resulting in a starvation process. Furthermore, 

 unless adequate watch is maintained, the heron 

 and other fish-destroying birds will live along the 

 shores of these closed lakes and serve as a con- 

 stant source of infection for the fish. 



2. Not to depend on the closed lakes for spawTi, but in- 



stead to develop a hatchery or a series of hatch- 

 eries with numerous outdoor ponds where they can 

 place many of the healthy trout from Lost and 

 Fish lakes, which will give them a constant supply 

 of healthy spawn. They will not only save money 

 by such a project, but their efforts will not be 

 w^asted. 



After the completion of the above studies the writer ex- 

 amined fish from various places in King county, in which 

 he has found the same larval tapeworm infection. Num- 

 erous cut-throat trout of Klause lake near Snoqualmie 

 falls were examined and found to be heavily parasitized. 

 Also, the silver salmon and the so-called red fish or silver 

 trout (which are nothing more than land-locked sockeye 

 salmon) were found to be heavily infected with the same 

 parasites. The striking thing about the parasitism of 

 these last-named fish was that they were more heavily 

 parasitized than any of the fish previously examined in 

 which the tapeworm larvae were found to dwell. 



