No. 49S] 



THE CAUDATE AMPHIBIA 



369 



digits in the hand. In Fig. 4 a restoration of the 

 Branchiosaurus faijoli Thevenin has been attempted. 

 The reconstruction is based on the figures as given by 

 Thevenin. Only one phalanx is restored and that is the 

 distal one of the first digit. All of the rest were pre- 

 served. In the Wealden of Belgium the Hyhcobatrachus 

 eroijii Dollo (Fig. 8) exhibits but four digits in the hand. 

 In Andrias achenchzi'ri Tsehudi (Fig. 9) from the Mio- 

 cene of Switzerland, there are but four digits in the hand, 

 and in all of the modern caudate forms, so far as I am 

 aware, there are but four digits and the phalangeal 

 formula for all, both in Paleozoic and in later forms, is 

 universally 3-3-4-3. 



In the foot the Branchiosauria show the same agree- 

 ment with the modern Caudata. There are always five 

 digits and they usually have the phalangeal formula 

 4-5-4^3-3. Neither the carpus nor the tarsus is fully 

 ossified in the Branchiosauria or in the later Caudata, 

 although the carpus and tarsus are partly osseous in the 

 Amblystomatidae. 



The pectoral girdle of the Branchiosauria consists 

 usually of four elements, three paired and one unpaired. 

 These are : the single interclavicle, the clavicles, the cora- 

 coids (cleithra f) and the scapulae. Among the modern 



