496 



THE AMERICAN NATURALIST [Vol. XLII 



fresh-water st reams and lakes for its period of growth but re- 

 turns to the deep sea to spawn. Charles A. Kofoid. 



The Valves in the Heart of Fishes — The following note by Dr. 

 H. D. Senior, of the College of Medicine in Syracuse University, 

 New York, on the valves in the heart of fishes should be put on 

 record. 



It may be noted that in the so-called ganoid fishes there is 

 more than one row of valves and from these ganoid fishes are 

 derived the herring-like fishes. Some of these, as Dr. Senior 

 has noted, have two rows of valves. Others have but a single 

 one as in ordinary fishes. 



" With regard to the question of teleosts having a conus arteriosus 

 provided with more than one row of valves: In addition to Albula 1 

 which has long been known to have two rows, I have found a conus 



lien*," Mrt/alops <>i jiri unities,'' and ill /'//• ml hrissxs rjissii * I think this 

 list will prove to be complete, as I have examined, with a negative 

 result, Elops, 2 Chirocentrus, 5 Chanos, 3 Dorsosoma, 2 Notopterus, 2 Pomo- 

 lobus, 3 Alosa, 5 Brevoortia, 5 and Boas has examined Osteoglossum. 6 



"A well-marked or vestigial conus arteriosus with one row of valves 

 only, occurs in Elops, 4 Hyodon, 6 Chirocentrus, 5 Chanos, 3 Notopterus, 8 

 Osteoglossum 8 and Dorosoma. 2 That it also occurs in other allied 

 genera, I have little doubt. When I collect enough specimens, I intend 

 to describe and figure the conus (or vestige) in a sufficient number to 



PARASITOLOGY 

 The Hereditary Transmission of Germ Diseases. — The earlier 

 views which favored hereditary transmission of germ diseases 

 have been subjected for nearly half a century to careful scrutiny 

 at the hands of bacteriologists and are now generally rejected. 

 Experimental evidence has been furnished from many quarters 

 that the supposed cases are due to a contamination of the off- 

 spring during transit through the maternal passages at birth, or 

 ^tannius. Bemerkungen fiber das Verhaltniss der Ganoiden zu den 

 Clupeiden, insbesondere zu Butirinus Kostock, 1846. Boaz. Morph. Jahrb., 

 Bd. 6, p. 527. 



2 Senior. Biol. Bull, Vol. XII, p. 146. 



3 Senior. Biol. Bull., Vol. XII, p. 378. 



